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חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUAחוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUA

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · ראש השנה א · שְׁבִיעִי

Complete Word-for-Word Interlinear · Navy & Gold Edition
Rosh Hashana I · 7th Aliyah
Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, we see the finalization of the treaty between Avraham and Avimelech at Beer-sheba. Avraham sets apart seven ewes from his flock, prompting a question from Avimelech about their purpose. Avraham explains that these sheep will serve as a testimony and proof that he was indeed the one who dug the well, establishing his rightful ownership.

Following this agreement, the place is named Beer-sheba to commemorate the oath sworn between them. After Avimelech and his general Phicol return to the land of the Philistines, Avraham plants a tamarisk tree (eshel) and calls out in the name of Hashem, establishing a long-term presence in the region.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
וַיַּצֵּבAnd he setאַבְרָהָםAvrahamאֶתשֶׁבַעsevenכִּבְשֹׂתewes ofהַצֹּאןthe flockלְבַדְּהֶן׃by themselves
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd he saidאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechאֶלtoאַבְרָהָםAvrahamמָהwhatהֵנָּהareשֶׁבַעsevenכְּבָשֹׂתewesהָאֵלֶּהtheseאֲשֶׁרwhichהִצַּבְתָּyou setלְבַדָּנָה׃by themselves
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd he saidכִּיthatאֶתשֶׁבַעsevenכְּבָשֹׂתewesתִּקַּחyou shall takeמִיָּדִיfrom my handבַּעֲבוּרso thatתִּהְיֶהit will beלִּיfor meלְעֵדָהas testimonyכִּיthatחָפַרְתִּיI dugאֶתהַבְּאֵרthe wellהַזֹּאת׃this
רַשִׁ״י
בעבורin order thatתהיהshall beלי.to meזאת:this
רַשִׁ״י
לעדה.as a witnessלְשׁוֹןan expression ofעֵדוּתtestimonyשֶׁלofנְקֵבָה,feminineכְּמוֹjust asוְעֵדָהand a witnessהַמַּצֵּבָהthe pillarבראשיתBereishisל"אthirty-one:
רַשִׁ״י
כיthatחפרתיI have dugאתהבאר.the wellמְרִיבִיםquarrelingהָיוּwereעָלֶיהָover itרוֹעֵיthe shepherds ofאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechוְאוֹמְרִיםand sayingאֲנַחְנוּweחֲפַרְנוּהָ,dug itאָמְרוּthey saidבֵּינֵיהֶםbetween themselvesכָּלanyמִיwhoשֶׁיִּתְרָאֶהthat shows himselfעַלatהַבְּאֵרthe wellוְיַעֲלוּand will riseהַמַּיִםthe watersלִקְרָאתוֹ,towards himשֶׁלּוֹhisהִיא,it isוְעָלוּand they roseלִקְרָאתtowardsאַבְרָהָם:Avraham
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
עַלThereforeכֵּן·קָרָאhe calledלַמָּקוֹםto the placeהַהוּאthatבְּאֵרBe'erשָׁבַעShevaכִּיbecauseשָׁםthereנִשְׁבְּעוּswore an oathשְׁנֵיהֶם׃both of them
פָּסוּק ה
Pasuk 5
וַיִּכְרְתוּAnd they cutבְרִיתa covenantבִּבְאֵרat BeerשָׁבַעShevaוַיָּקָםand he aroseאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechוּפִיכֹלand Phicholשַׂרthe general ofצְבָאוֹhis armyוַיָּשֻׁבוּand they returnedאֶלtoאֶרֶץthe land ofפְּלִשְׁתִּים׃the Philistines
פָּסוּק ו
Pasuk 6
וַיִּטַּעAnd he plantedאֶשֶׁלa tamariskבִּבְאֵרin BeerשָׁבַעShevaוַיִּקְרָאand he calledשָׁםthereבְּשֵׁםupon the name ofיְהוָהHashemאֵלGod ofעוֹלָם׃the universe
רַשִׁ״י
אשל.An eshelרַבRavוּשְׁמוּאֵל,and Shmuelחַדoneאֲמַרsaidפַּרְדֵּסan orchardלְהָבִיאto bringמִמֶּנוּfrom itפֵּרוֹתfruitsלָאוֹרְחִיםfor the guestsבַּסְּעוּדָה,at the mealוְחַדand oneאֲמַרsaidפֻּנְדָּקan innלְאַכְסַנְיָאfor lodgingוּבוֹand in itכָּלallמִינֵיkinds ofפֵּרוֹת.fruitsוּמָצִינוּand we findלְשׁוֹןthe expression ofנְטִיעָהplantingבְּאֹהָלִים,regarding tentsשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרas it is saidוְיִטַּעand he shall plantאָהֳלֵיthe tents ofאַפַּדְנוֹhis palaceדניאלDanielי"א11:
רַשִׁ״י
ויקראAnd he calledשםthereוגו'.etc.עַלbyיְדֵיmeans ofאוֹתוֹthatאֵשֶׁלEshelנִקְרָאwas calledשְׁמוֹthe nameשֶׁלofהַקָּבָּ"הthe Holy OneאֱלוֹהַּGodלְכָלof allהָעוֹלָם,the universeלְאַחַרafterשֶׁאוֹכְלִיםthey ateוְשׁוֹתִיםand drankאוֹמֵרhe would sayלָהֶםto themבָּרְכוּblessלְמִיHimשֶׁאֲכַלְתֶּםwhose you ateמִשֶּׁלּוֹ,of Hisסְבוּרִיםthinkאַתֶּםyouשֶׁמִּשֶּׁלִּיthat of mineאֲכַלְתֶּם?you ateמִשֶּׁלfrom that ofמִיHimשֶׁאָמָרWho spokeוְהָיָהand came to beהָעוֹלָםthe universeאֲכַלְתֶּםyou ateסוטהSotahי'10a:
פָּסוּק ז
Pasuk 7
וַיָּגָרAnd Abraham residedאַבְרָהָםAbrahamבְּאֶרֶץin the land ofפְּלִשְׁתִּיםthe Philistinesיָמִיםdaysרַבִּים׃many
רַשִׁ״י
ימיםDaysרבים.manyמְרֻבִּיםmore numerousעַלthanשֶׁלthose ofחֶבְרוֹן.Hebronבְּחֶבְרוֹןin Hebronעָשָׂהhe spentכ"ה25שָׁנָהyearsוְכָאןand hereכ"ו,26שֶׁהֲרֵיfor beholdבֶּןa son ofע"ה75שָׁנָהyearsהָיָהhe wasבְּצֵאתוֹat his departureמֵחָרָן,from Haranאוֹתָהּthat sameשָׁנָהyearוַיָבֹאand he cameוַיֵּשֶׁבand he dweltבְּאֵלֹנֵיby the terebinths ofמַמְרֵא,Mamreשֶׁלֹּאfor notמָצִינוּwe findקֹדֶםbeforeלָכֵןthisשֶׁנִּתְיַשֵּׁבthat he settledאֶלָּאexceptשָׁם,thereשֶׁבְּכָלfor in allמְקוֹמוֹתָיוhis placesהָיָהhe wasכְּאוֹרֵחַlike a guestחוֹנֶהwho pitches campוְנוֹסֵעַand journeysוְהוֹלֵך,and goes onשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרas it is saidוַיַּעֲבֹרand he passedאַבְרָם,Avramוַיַּעְתֵּקand he removedמִשָּׁם,from thereוַיְהִיand there wasרָעָבa famineבָּאָרֶץin the landוַיֵּרֶדand he went downאַבְרָםAvramמִצְרַיְמָהto MitzrayimבראשיתGenesisי"ב12,וּבְמִצְרַיִםand in Mitzrayimלֹאnotעָשָׂהhe spentאֶלָּאexceptשְׁלֹשָׁהthreeחֳדָשִׁיםmonthsשֶׁהֲרֵיfor beholdשְׁלָחוֹsent him awayפַרְעֹהPharaohמִיָּד,immediatelyוַיֵּלֶךְand he wentלְמַסָּעָיוon his journeysעַדuntilוַיָּבֹאhe cameוַיֵּשֶׁבand dweltבְּאֵלֹנֵיby the terebinths ofמַמְרֵאMamreאֲשֶׁרwhich areבְּחֶבְרוֹןin Hebronשםthereי"ג13,שָׁםthereיָשַׁבhe dweltעַדuntilשֶׁנֶּהֱפְכָהwas overthrownסְדוֹם,Sodomמִיָּדimmediatelyוַיִּסַּעand journeyedמִשָּׁםfrom thereאַבְרָהָםAvrahamמִפְּנֵיbecause ofבוּשָׁהthe shameשֶׁלofלוֹטLotוּבָאand he cameלְאֶרֶץto the land ofפְּלִשְׁתִּים,the Philistinesוּבֶןand a son ofצ"ט99שָׁנָהyearsהָיָה,he wasשֶׁהֲרֵיfor beholdבַשְּׁלִישִׁיon the third dayלְמִילָתוֹof his circumcisionבָּאוּcameאֶצְלוֹto himהַמַּלְאָכִים,the angelsהֲרֵיbeholdכ"ה25שָׁנָה,yearsוְכָאןand hereכְּתִיבit is writtenיָמִיםdaysרַבִּים,manyמְרֻבִּיםmore numerousעַלthanהָרִאשׁוֹנִים,the first onesוְלֹאand notבָאcameהַכָּתוּבthe Scriptureלִסְתֹּםto leave indefiniteאֶלָּאbutלְפָרֵשׁ,to explainוְאִםand ifהָיוּthey wereמְרֻבִּיםmore numerousעֲלֵיהֶםthan themשְׁתֵּיby twoשָׁנִיםyearsאוֹorיוֹתֵרmoreהָיָהit would haveמְפָרְשָׁם,specified themוְעַלand ofכָּרְחֲךָnecessityאֵינָםthey are notיְתֵרִיםmoreיוֹתֵרmoreמִשָּׁנָה,than a yearהֲרֵיbeholdכ"ו26שָׁנָה;yearsמִיָּדimmediatelyיָצָאhe departedמִשָּׁםfrom thereוְחָזַרand returnedלְחֶבְרוֹן,to Hebronוְאוֹתָהּand thatשָׁנָהyearקָדְמָהprecededלִפְנֵיbeforeעֲקֵדָתוֹthe bindingשֶׁלofיִצְחָקYitzchakי"ב12שָׁנִים,yearsבְּסֵדֶרin Sederעוֹלָם:Olam
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah details the covenant established at Beer-sheba, where Avraham uses seven ewes as a physical testimony of his ownership of the well. After swearing an oath and concluding the pact, Avimelech and Phicol depart, while Avraham plants a tamarisk tree, invokes the name of Hashem, and resides in the land of the Philistines for many days.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Chumash is telling us that right after Avraham Avinu makes a treaty with Avimelech and settles the dispute over the water wells, he immediately goes and plants an "eshel" in Beer-sheba, and uses it to call out in the name of Hashem. Rashi brings down that this eshel was an inn to provide food, drink, and lodging for wayfarers. Lichoira, we have to understand the timing here. Avraham just finished dealing with politics, treaties, and securing his physical property. Why is this the exact moment he decides to set up a major chessed operation?

The chiddush here is that Avraham Avinu is teaching us a yesod in how a Yid looks at his physical achievements. When Hashem helps you secure your business, your home, or your livelihood, the reaction shouldn't just be to sit back and enjoy the quiet. The moment Avraham secured the well and made peace, he immediately asked himself: "How can I use this new stability to bring more of Hashem's presence into the world?" He didn't build a private villa; he built an eshel to feed hungry travelers and introduce them to the Borei Olam.

We often find ourselves waiting for "the right time" to do real chessed or to focus on our avodas Hashem, thinking we first need to settle all our worldly worries. But the Torah is showing us that the whole tachlis of having physical stability is to turn it into a vessel for ruchniyus. When Hashem gives you a expansion in your parnassah or peace of mind in your home, that is the exact moment to expand your chessed and use your resources to help another Yid.

Today, take one physical blessing or resource that Hashem has recently settled for you, whether it is a comfortable home, a stable job, or even just a quiet hour in your schedule, and use it directly for a mitzvah or to help someone else, turning your personal "well" into an eshel.

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י — ראש השנה א · שְׁבִיעִי