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מַדְרֵגַת הָאָדָם · THE ALTER OF NOVARDOKמַדְרֵגַת הָאָדָם · THE ALTER OF NOVARDOK

מַאֲמָר ב׳ · תִּקּוּן הַמִּדּוֹת

Mussar · Hebrew with Nikud and a Literal Translation
On This Pageאויפֿן בלאַט

This page begins by explaining that the one who doesn't even know what to ask is in the worst spiritual state, like a foolish person who misses out on everything because he's focused on trivialities. It then transitions to a profound chiddush from Chazal: what we perceive as 'nature' is actually a constant miracle, and what we call 'miracles' are truly the natural order for those who cling to Hashem. The core lesson is that everything exists only by Hashem's decree, and this decree is conditional on our avodah.

Nikud and the literal translation are a learning aid prepared by the editor (AI-assisted, pending review), not the sefer's own vowelization.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.

וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ לִשְׁאוֹל אַתְּ פְּתַח לוֹ.

And for one who does not know how to ask, you open for him.

הֶשֶּׁאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ לִשְׁאוֹל גָּרוּעַ מִכֻּלָּם.

The one who does not know how to ask is worse than all of them.

הָרָשָׁע אֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה אֶת הַנְּשָׁמָה לְגַמְרֵי,

The wicked person does not want the neshama at all,

וְהָתָם טוֹעֶה בְּאֶמְצָעִים שֶׁל בֵּרוּר הַמִּדּוֹת,

And there he errs in the means of clarifying the midos,

וְהַשֶּׁאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ לִשְׁאוֹל אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ מְאוּמָה מִקִּיּוּם הַתּוֹרָה.

And one who does not know how to ask, knows nothing at all about the fulfillment of the Torah.

כְּמָשָׁל הַיָּדוּעַ אֲשֶׁר שְׁנֵי אֲנָשִׁים חָלְקוּ בְּדִין הָעִטּוּר.

Like the well-known parable where two people argued in a din (judgment) about the adornment.

זֶה אָמַר שֶׁהַדִּין עִם הַטַּ"ז, שֶׁהָעִטּוּר שֶׁל הַכּוֹס כָּךְ הוּא וְזֶה אָמַר שֶׁהַדִּין עִם הַמָּגֵן אַבְרָהָם שֶׁהָעִטּוּר שֶׁל הַכּוֹס כָּךְ הוּא.

This one said that the halacha is with the Taz, that the adornment of the cup is thus, and this one said that the halacha is with the Magen Avraham, that the adornment of the cup is thus.

וַיֵּשֶׁב שָׁם עוֹד אִישׁ אֶחָד וְהוּא אָמַר בְּזֶה הַלָּשׁוֹן:

And another man sat there, and he said in this language:

וַאֲנִי אוֹמֵר שֶׁהַדִּין עִם מִי שֶׁסּוֹבֵר אֲשֶׁר הָעִטּוּר הוּא רַק בְּתוֹכוֹ, וְלֹא שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מָלֵא עַל כָּל גְּדוֹתָיו.

And I say that the judgment is with one who holds that the adornment is only within him, and not that it should be full over all its banks.

וְשָׁאֲלוּ אוֹתוֹ מֵאַיִן תֵּדַע?

And they asked him, 'From where do you know?'

עֲנֵה בְּפַשְׁטוּת גְּמוּרָה:

Answer with complete simplicity:

וַדַּאי כֵּן.

Certainly so.

כִּי אִם יִהְיֶה מָלֵא עַל כָּל גְּדוֹתָיו יִשָּׁפֵךְ מִמֶּנּוּ עַל בְּגָדָיו וְנַעֲשֶׂה רֶכֶב עָלָיו.

For if it will be full to all its banks, it will spill from it onto his clothes and become a stain upon them.

זֶה הָאָדָם הוּא בְּגֶדֶר שֶׁאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ לִשְׁאוֹל.

This person is in the category of one who does not know how to ask.

אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ כְּלוּם מַה הִיא תּוֹרָה,

he knows nothing at all what Torah is,

מַה הוּא עֲבוֹדָה, מַה הִיא לִשְׁמָהּ,

What is avodah? What is 'lishmah' (for its own sake)?

וּמַה הוּא בֵּרוּר הַמִּדּוֹת, אֶלָּא הוּא חָם רַק עַל הֶרְכֵּב שֶׁבְּבִגְדוֹ וְכָל מַעֲשָׂיו הוּא כְּמוֹ הַגּוֹלֶם.

And what is the clarification of character traits? Rather, he is zealous only about the mixture in his garment, and all his actions are like a golem.

לָאָדָם הַזֶּה צָרִיךְ אַתָּה לִפְתֹּחַ לוֹ וּלְהַסְבִּיר לוֹ כִּי הוֹצִיאָנוּ ה' מִמִּצְרַיִם וְנָתַן לָנוּ אֶת הַתּוֹרָה,

To this person, you need to open up to him and explain to him that Hashem took us out from Mitzrayim and gave us the Torah,

וְלִפְתֹּחַ מוֹחוֹ שֶׁיֵּדַע לְבַקֵּר אֶת הַחַיִּים שֶׁלּוֹ בְּאֵיזֶה עוֹלָם הוּא נִמְצָא וְאֶל מַה הוּא רוֹדֵף,

And to open his mind so that he should know to critique his life, in what world he is found, and after what he pursues,

וְאֵיךְ שֶׁחַיָּיו הוּא כְּמוֹ הַמָּשָׁל הַיָּדוּעַ,

And how his life is like the well-known parable,

שֶׁכֶּלֶב אֶחָד הָיָה לוֹ חֲתוּנָה אַחַת בְּתוֹךְ הָעִיר,

that one dog had one wedding inside the city,

וְחֲתוּנָה שְׁנִיָּה חוּץ לָעִיר, וְרָצָה לֵהָנוֹת מִשְּׁנֵיהֶם.

And a second wedding outside the city, and he wanted to enjoy from both of them.

עָשָׂה חֶשְׁבּוֹן לְעַצְמוֹ כָּךְ:

He made an accounting for himself thus:

הַחֲתוּנָה שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָעִיר יֵשׁ לִי בְּיָדִי וְקָרוֹב אֲנִי לָהּ וְלֹא אַפְסִיד אוֹתָהּ כְּלוּם,

The wedding that is within the city, I have it in my hand, and I am close to it, and I will not lose anything of it,

וְהַחֲתוּנָה שֶׁמִּחוּץ לָעִיר רָחוֹק אֲנִי מִמֶּנָּה וְאוּכַל אֲנִי לְהַפְסִידָהּ,

And the wedding that is outside the city, I am far from it and I might lose it,

אֲנִי אֶעֱשֶׂה כָּךְ:

I will do so:

אֵלֵךְ מִתְּחִלָּה לַחֲתוּנָּה הָרְחוֹקָה וְאֶחְטוֹף שָׁמָּה, וְהַקְּרוֹבָה לֹא אֲאַחֵר אוֹתָהּ, וְלֹא הִרְגִּישׁ סִכְלוּתוֹ.

I will go first to the distant wedding and grab there, and the nearby one I will not delay, and he did not feel his foolishness.

כִּי אִם יֵלֵךְ לְחוּץ הָעִיר תְּהֵא פְּלוֹנִית הַקְּרוֹבָה וּבְתוֹךְ הָעִיר הָרְחוֹקָה.

For if he goes outside the city, Plonis will be the close one, and inside the city, the distant one.

הָלַךְ חוּץ לָעִיר, כְּשֶׁבָּא שָׁמָּה כְּבָר אֶחָד הַמּוֹעֵד.

He went outside the city, when he arrived there, one of the appointed times had already passed.

הָלַךְ בַּחֲזָרָה לָעִיר, טֶרֶם בָּא כְּבָר נִגְמְרָה הַחֲתוּנָה וְנִשְׁאַר קֵרֵחַ מִכָּאן וְקֵרֵחַ מִכָּאן.

He went back to the city; before he even arrived, the wedding was already over, and he was left bald from here and bald from here.

כָּךְ הוּא בְּעוֹלָמוֹ:

So it is in his world:

רוֹצֶה לִבְלֹעַ כָּל הַמָּמוֹן וְהַכָּבוֹד וְרוֹצֶה לִרְקֹד עַל כָּל הַחֲתוּנוֹת,

He wants to swallow all the money and the honor, and he wants to dance at all the weddings,

וּמַה שֶּׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה וְרוֹצֶה רַק מַה שֶּׁאֵין לוֹ,

And what he has, he does not want, and he wants only what he does not have,

וּמַה שֶׁאֵין לוֹ אֵינוֹ מַשִּׂיג וּבְתוֹךְ כָּךְ מְאַבֵּד מַה שֶּׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ.

And what he does not have, he does not attain, and in the interim, he loses what he does have.

זָכָה תַּסְבִּיר אֵלָיו עַד שֶׁיַּתְחִיל לִרְאוֹת בְּעֵינָיו וְלִשְׁמוֹעַ בְּאָזְנָיו מַה לְּרַחֵק וּמַה לְּקָרֵב.

If he merits, you should explain to him until he begins to see with his own eyes and hear with his own ears what to distance himself from and what to draw close to.

פֶּרֶק ו.

Chapter 6.

מוּרְגָּל בְּדַעַת הָאָדָם לִשְׁפּוֹט אֶת הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר מִתְמַד לִהְיוֹת וְלֹא הָיְתָה עֵת שֶׁהָיָה נֶעְדָּר מְצִיאוּתָהּ חוֹשְׁבֵהוּ לְטֶבַע,

It is accustomed in a person's mind to judge a thing that is always in existence, and there was never a time that its existence was lacking, to consider it as nature,

אֵינוֹ מִתְפַּלֵּא עַל הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה כְּלוּם,

he does not wonder about this matter at all,

כְּאִילּוּ הָיָה לוֹ הַכָּרָה וְהֶכְרֵחַ שֶׁמְּחֻיָּב הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה לִהְיוֹת כָּךְ.

As if he had an awareness and a necessity that this matter is obligated to be so.

וְאַדְּרַבָּה, כָּל הַקֻּשְׁיָא וְהַפְּלִיאָה הָיְתָה בְּעֵת שֶׁצֻּיַּר כִּי הַדָּבָר יְסוֹד מִלִּהְיוֹת וְיֵעָדֵר מִמְּצִיאוּתָהּ.

And on the contrary, all the difficulty and wonder was at the time it was conceived that the thing would fundamentally cease to be and disappear from its existence.

וְהַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר יֵאוֹרַע עַל דֶּרֶךְ מִקְרֶה וְהוּא רוֹאֶה אוֹתָהּ לְדָבָר חָדָשׁ שֶׁאֶתְמוֹל לֹא הָיָה כָּךְ,

And the matter that occurs by way of chance, and he sees it as a new thing, that yesterday it was not so,

וְאֵין מְפֻרְסָם כָּל כָּךְ, שׁוֹפֵט אוֹתוֹ לְנֵס.

And it is not so well known, he judges it as a miracle.

כִּי עַל פִּי הַכָּרָתוֹ נִמְנַע הַדָּבָר מִלִּהְיוֹת וְאֵין מְצִיאוּתָהּ נִבְנֶה אֶלָּא מִשְּׁלִילַת הַטֶּבַע,

For according to his recognition, the matter is prevented from being, and its existence is built only from the negation of nature,

וְהֶעְדֵּר הַחִיּוּב, וּמִפְּנֵי מָה הָיָה הַדָּבָר,

and the absence of obligation, and why was the matter so,

עַל זֶה יַעֲנֶה גַּם הוּא.

To this, he too will respond.

וְאֵין הַשָּׂגָתֵנוּ מְחַיֵּב אֶת זֶה, וְהוּא בִּכְלַל תַּכְלִית הַיְדִיעָה שֶׁלֹּא נֵדַע.

And our comprehension does not necessitate this, and it is included in 'the ultimate knowledge is that we do not know.'

לְמָשָׁל, הַתְמָדַת כַּדּוּר הָאָרֶץ הַתָּלוּי וְקַיֶּמֶת,

For example, the persistence of the earth, suspended and existing,

לֹא יְעוֹרֵר שׁוּם פֶּלֶא עַל דַּעַת הָאָדָם וְהַכָּרָתוֹ,

it will not arouse any wonder concerning a person's mind and his recognition,

וּמֵעוֹלָם לֹא עִכֵּב הָאָדָם אֶת עַצְמוֹ בְּלֶכְתּוֹ עַל הָאָרֶץ לַעֲמוֹד וּלְהִתְפַּלֵּא אֵיךְ יַעֲמוֹד הַכַּדּוּר הַזֶּה,

And never did a person stop himself while walking on the earth to stand and wonder how this sphere stands,

וְעַל מַה קַּיָּם הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה, וּמֵעוֹלָם לֹא עָלָה עַל דַּעַת הָאָדָם לְפַחֵד אוּלַי יִפּוֹל הָאָרֶץ,

And upon what does this thing exist, and never did it enter a person's mind to fear perhaps the earth will fall,

וְאוּלַי יִזְדַּעְזַע כָּל הַכַּדּוּר הַמְחֻבָּר הַזֶּה?

And perhaps this entire connected sphere will be shaken?

זֶה לֹא קָשֶׁה לוֹ כְּלוּם.

This is not difficult for him at all.

הַתְמָדַת קִיּוּמוֹ מֵסִיר מִמֶּנּוּ הַשְּׁאֵלָה הֶרְגֵּל הַחוּשִׁים,

The persistence of its existence removes from it the question of the habit of the senses,

נוֹשֵׂא אֶל דַּעְתּוֹ הַחְלָטָה גְּמוּרָה כִּי כָּךְ מְחֻיָּב הַדָּבָר לִהְיוֹת וּמֵאַיִן יִוָּלֵד הַשִּׁנּוּי?

He carries into his mind a complete decision that this is how the matter is obligated to be, and from where will the change be born?

וְהַיְדִיעָה הַזֹּאת הוּא אֶצְלוֹ מֵהַמְּפֻרְסָמוֹת שֶׁאֵינָהּ צְרִיכָה רְאָיָה.

And this knowledge, for him, is among the well-known truths that do not require proof.

הֶעָבָר הוּא מוֹפֵת חוֹתְכוֹ הַגּוֹזֵר עַל הַדָּבָר כִּי מֻכְרָח אַתָּה לְקַיֵּם וְלַעֲמוֹד בַּהֹוֶה וּבֶעָתִיד.

The past is a conclusive proof that decrees concerning the matter that you are obligated to fulfill and to stand firm in the present and in the future.

וְאַחַת יוֹדֵעַ, כִּי טֶבַע הוּא וְכָךְ טֶבַע הַדָּבָר.

And one thing I know, that it is nature, and such is the nature of the matter.

וְכִי תִּשְׁאֲלוּ אוֹתוֹ מַה זֶּה טֶבַע,

And if you ask him, 'What is nature?'

מַה זֶה מַהוּתוֹ, בֶּאֱמֶת אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ מַה שֶּׁאַחַר מִלַּת הַטֶּבַע מֻבְנֶה לוֹ,

What is its essence? Truly, he does not know what is understood by him after the word 'nature',

וּמִפְּנֵי מַה הוּא מְקַיֵּם עוֹדֶנּוּ,

And for what reason does He sustain him still,

הוּא נוֹשֵׂא פָּנִים לְהֶרְגֵּלוֹ הַיָּשָׁן בִּלְתִּי לִמְרוֹד בּוֹ לִשְׁבּוֹר הַחְלָטוֹתָיו הַמְדֻמּוֹת הַמְּבִיאוֹת מֵחוּשָׁיו הַחִיצוֹנִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא יַעֲמִיקוּ בְּעֶצֶם הַדָּבָר כִּי יֶחֱזוּ הַמַּרְאֶה וְיִסְתַּפְּקוּ בְּזֹאת לְבַד,

He shows favor to his old habit, not to rebel against it, to break his imagined decisions that come from his external senses, which do not delve deeply into the essence of the matter, for they see the appearance and are satisfied with that alone,

וְעַל יְסוֹד הַחוּשִׁים בָּנָה הָאָדָם בִּנְיַן הַטֶּבַע וְקִיּוּמוֹ,

And upon the foundation of the senses, man built the structure of nature and its existence,

בִּלְתִּי דּוֹרֵשׁ מַה טֶּבַע וּמַה כֹּחוֹ מִיִּבָּרֵא לוֹ,

without seeking what is the nature and what is the power that is created for him,

וְעַל הַנִּסִּים וְהַנִּפְלָאוֹת שֶׁעָבַר עָלֵינוּ מִיּוֹם הֱיוֹתֵנוּ לְעַם ה' וְעַד עַכְשָׁיו,

And for the miracles and wonders that have passed over us from the day we became Hashem's nation until now,

יַעַן שֶׁמְּצִיאוּתָם הֵם עַל דֶּרֶךְ מִקְרֶה וּמְאוֹרָע,

Because their existence is by way of happenstance and occurrence,

קוֹרֵא אֶת הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה לְנִסִּים כְּמוֹ יוֹצְאֵי מִן הַכְּלָל שֶׁל הַטֶּבַע,

He calls these matters miracles, like exceptions to nature,

וְעָבְרוּ עַל גְּבוּלֵי הַהֲבָנָה וְהוּא רוֹאֶה אוֹתָם כְּמוֹ שֶׁשָּׁדְדוּ אֶת מֶמְשֶׁלֶת הַטֶּבַע,

and they crossed the boundaries of understanding, and he sees them as if they plundered the dominion of nature,

וּמָרְדוּ בְּמַלְכוּתוֹ, וְאֵינוֹ מֵבִין כְּלָל דֶּרֶךְ מְצִיאוּתָם,

and they rebelled against His Kingship, and he does not understand at all the way of their existence,

וְרָחוֹק שֶׁכֻּלָּם מִמֶּנּוּ וּמִתְפַּלֵּא עֲלֵיהֶם הַרְבֵּה,

And it is far that all of them are from it, and he wonders about them greatly,

וְלֹא יוּכַל לִמְצוֹא שׁוּם סִבָּה שֶׁיְחַיֵּב זֶה עַל פִּי דֶּרֶךְ הַטֶּבַע וּגְזֵרַת הַשֵּׂכֶל.

And he will not be able to find any reason that would obligate this according to the way of nature and the decree of the intellect.

וְכֵן עַל הַתְמָדַת חַיֵּי הָאָדָם אֵין הָאָדָם מְהַרְהֵר וּמְפַקְפֵּק עָלָיו כְּלָל אֵיךְ יְצֻוַּר הַתְמָדָתוֹ וְקִיּוּמוֹ וְאִם יֵאָרַע כִּי יַחְטוֹף חַס וְשָׁלוֹם לָאָדָם הַמָּוֶת פִּתְאוֹם אַחַר בְּרִיאוּת הַגּוּף וְשִׂמְחַת הַנֶּפֶשׁ.

And so too, regarding the continuity of a person's life, a person does not ponder or doubt it at all, how its continuity and existence can be conceived, even if, chalila, death suddenly snatches a person after the health of the body and the joy of the soul.

עַל זֹאת יִתְפַּלֵּא הָאָדָם וְיִשְׁתּוֹמֵם לַמַּרְאֶה הַזֹּאת וְיִשְׁאַל שְׁאֵלוֹת וּתְמִיהוֹת.

About this, a person will be amazed and astonished at this sight, and he will ask questions and wonders.

וְאָמְנָם מָצִינוּ לַחֲזַ"ל דֶּרֶךְ אַחֶרֶת לְגַמְרֵי בָּזֶה.

And indeed, we find that Chazal have a completely different path in this matter.

הֵמָּה רָאוּ כָּל הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה הָפוּךְ מִקָּצֶה אֶל הַקָּצֶה.

They saw all these matters reversed from one extreme to the other.

הִשְׁפַּטְתָּם עַל כָּל הַפְּלִיאוֹת וְהַהַרְגָּלִיּוֹת הָיָה כְּעֵין חָדָשׁ לְגַמְרֵי וְהַשְׁקָפָתָם עַל כָּל דַּרְכֵי הַטֶּבַע וְדַרְכֵי הַנִּסִּים הָיָה בְּמַבָּט יוֹתֵר פְּנִימִי וְהוֹצִיאוּ הַהַחְלָטָה הָאֲמִתִּית בְּעִנְיָנִים הָאֵלֶּה מֵהֵמָּה נִרְאֶה הַמִּשְׁפָּט לַהֲפוֹךְ,

Their judgment on all wonders and habitual occurrences was as if completely new, and their perspective on all ways of nature and ways of miracles was with a more inner gaze, and they brought forth the true decision in these matters, from which the judgment appears to be reversed,

כִּי הַטֶּבַע הוּא הַנֵּס וְהַנֵּס הוּא הַטֶּבַע.

For nature is the miracle, and the miracle is nature.

הַכַּדּוּר הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר הַחוּשִׁים שׁוֹפְטִים אוֹתוֹ לְטֶבַע,

The earth, which the senses judge to be nature,

אָמְרוּ בֶּאֱמֶת עָלָיו כִּי תּוֹלֶה אֶרֶץ עַל בְּלִימָה,

They truly said about him that he 'hangs the earth on nothingness,' (Iyov 26:7)

עַל בִּלְתִּי מַה, וְרַק בְּנָם הוּא עוֹמֵד.

Upon nothing, and only their son stands.

אֵין כָּאן דָּבָר מַה שֶּׁיִּתְמֹךְ אֶת הַכַּדּוּר, וְאֵין כָּאן יְסוֹד שֶׁל כָּל שֶׁהוּא אֲשֶׁר יִכּוֹן עָלָיו כָּל הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת.

There is nothing here that will support the sphere, and there is no foundation here whatsoever upon which this entire earth will be established.

וְעַל מַה, בֶּאֱמֶת, תּוֹלֶה כָּל הַדָּבָר הַכָּבֵד הַזֶּה?

And upon what, truly, does this entire weighty matter depend?

עַל נֵס לְבַד, עַל גְּזֵרַת ה', שֶׁכָּךְ גָּזַר עָלָיו הַבּוֹרֵא שֶׁיָּקוּם וְלָכֵן הוּא קָם וְעוֹמֵד.

Only through a miracle, through the decree of Hashem, that thus the Creator decreed upon him that he should rise, and therefore he rises and stands.

אֵין כָּל קִיּוּמוֹ וּנְפִילָתוֹ תָּלוּי בְּעֶצֶם הַכַּדּוּר וְלֹא בְּשׁוּם דָּבָר מַה,

His entire existence and his downfall are not dependent on the essence of the ball, nor on anything else at all,

וְאֵין שָׁם בְּתוֹכוֹ וּבְתַחְתִּיתוֹ שׁוּם כֹּחַ וִיסוֹד וְתוֹמֵךְ אֲשֶׁר יְחַבֵּר וִידַבֵּק כָּל חֶלְקֵי הַכַּדּוּר וִיחַזְּקֵם וִיקַשְּׁרֵם,

And there is not within it and at its base any power, foundation, or support that will connect and bind all parts of the sphere, and strengthen them and tie them together,

וְיֹאחֵז לוֹ שֶׁיָּקוּם וְלֹא יִפּוֹל.

And he should grasp for himself that he will rise and not fall.

אֶלָּא מַה הוּא הַכֹּחַ הַמְחַבֵּר וְהָאוֹחֵז?

Rather, what is the power that connects and holds?

הוּא רַק כֹּחַ ה'.

It is only the strength of Hashem.

דִּבּוּרוֹ וּמַאֲמָרוֹ שֶׁגָּזַר שֶׁכֵּן יִהְיֶה וַיְהִי כֵן.

His word and His utterance, which He decreed that so it should be, and so it was.

נֵס הוּא וְאֵינוֹ נִמְצָא טֶבַע כְּלָל בַּמְּצִיאוּת.

It is a miracle, and nature is not found at all in reality.

הַנֵּס הוּא הַיְסוֹד, וְהַנֵּס הוּא הַכֹּחַ,

The miracle is the foundation, and the miracle is the strength,

וְהַנֵּס הוּא הַמַּעֲמִיד כָּל הַדָּבָר וְיִתְמֹךְ לוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יִפֹּל וְאֵינוֹ נִמְצָא שָׁם כְּלוּם זוּלַת זֶה,

And the miracle is what sustains the entire matter and supports it so that it should not fall, and nothing is found there besides this.

וְלֹא יוּכַל הָאָדָם אַף לַחֲלוֹם וּלְדַמּוֹת שֶׁמָּא יֵשׁ שָׁם,

And a person cannot even dream or imagine that perhaps there is there,

כִּי לֹא יֵשׁ שָׁם כְּלוּם, כִּי תּוֹלֶה הָאָרֶץ עַל בְּלִימָה,

For there is nothing there, for He hangs the earth upon nothingness,

עַל אַיִן וָאֶפֶס, עַל שְׁלִילַת הַיֵּשׁוּת לְגַמְרֵי.

Concerning nothingness and naught, concerning the complete negation of being.

וּמַה הוּא כָּל הַיֵּשׁ וְהַבַּיִת אֲחִיזָה וְהַיְסוֹד?

And what is all the 'yesh' (substance/being), and the 'bayis achiza' (grasping house/foundation), and the 'yesod' (foundation/root)?

הוּא רַק גְּזֵרַת ה'.

It is only a decree of Hashem.

וְנִמְצָא מִזֶּה, כִּי הַטֶּבַע הוּא הַנֵּס.

And it is found from this, that nature is the miracle.

וְכֵן אִם נַבִּיט בְּחַיֵּי הָאָדָם אֵין מַהוּת הַחַיִּים דָּבָר מוּבָן לָאָדָם שֶׁיּוּכַל לְהָעֵז לְפָנָיו וְלוֹמַר הַחַיִּים הוּא זֶה וְהַחַיִּים הִיא זֹאת,

And so too, if we look at a person's life, the essence of life is not something understood by a person, that he could dare to say before it, 'Life is this,' or 'Life is that.'

אֶלָּא הָאָדָם אֲשֶׁר יוֹדֶה וְלֹא יֵבוֹשׁ יֹאמַר נִשְׁלַל מִמֶּנּוּ הַשָּׂגָה זֹאת לְגַמְרֵי וְאֵין אֲנִי יוֹדֵעַ סוֹד הַחַיִּים כְּלוּם,

Rather, the person who admits and is not ashamed will say, 'This comprehension has been completely taken away from me, and I know nothing at all of the secret of life.'

וְאֵין אֲנִי מֵבִין אֵיךְ מִתְנוֹעֵעַ דָּבָר מִמָּקוֹם זֶה לְמָקוֹם זֶה,

And I do not understand how a thing moves from this place to that place,

כִּי אֵין אֲנִי רוֹאֶה אוֹתוֹ בְּשִׂכְלִי,

for I do not see Him with my intellect,

כִּי אִם בַּחוּשִׁים, וְהַחוּשִׁים אֵינָם רוֹאִים עֶצֶם הַתְּנוּעָה וּמַהוּתוֹ אֵיךְ עַיִן רוֹאָה וְאֵיךְ אֹזֶן שׁוֹמַעַת,

but only through the senses, and the senses do not see the essence of the movement and its nature, how an eye sees and how an ear hears,

וְאֵיךְ רַגְלַיִם הוֹלְכִים, וְאֵיךְ הַמּוֹחַ מַכִּיר,

And how do feet walk, and how does the brain recognize,

כִּי זֶה סוֹד לָהֶם וְנִסְתָּר מֵהֶם,

For this is a secret to them and hidden from them,

וְהוּא בִּכְלַל תַּכְלִית הַיְדִיעָה שֶׁלֹּא נֵדַע.

And this is included in the ultimate knowledge: that we do not know.

וְרַק מַה שֶּׁרוֹאִים הַחוּשִׁים הוּא פְּעֻלַּת הַתְּנוּעָה וּפְעֻלַּת הַחַיִּים,

And only what the senses see is the action of movement and the action of life,

אֲבָל הָעֲצָמִים וְהַמַּהֻיּוֹת וְהַכֹּחוֹת נִפְלָא וְנִסְתָּר מֵהֶם לְגַמְרֵי,

But the essences and the true natures and the powers are completely wondrous and hidden from them,

וְאֵין הַשֵּׂכֶל יוֹדֵעַ מְצִיאוּת הַתְּנוּעָה וְהַחַיִּים אֶלָּא בְּאֶמְצָעוּת הַנִּמְצָא אֲשֶׁר יַשִּׂיגוּ הַחוּשִׁים.

And the intellect does not know the reality of movement and life except through the existing thing that the senses perceive.

וְנִמְצָא בֶּאֱמֶת, כִּי הַחַיִּים הוּא גַּם וְאֵין בְּהַשָּׂגָתֵנוּ לְהָבִין זֶה כְּלוּם,

And it is found in truth, that life is also, and it is not within our grasp to understand this at all,

וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן שֶׁהַמָּוֶת הַפִּתְאוֹמִי וְאַף הַהֶרְגֵּלִי הוּא נִסְתָּר מֵעֵין הַשֵּׂכֶל,

And all the more so that sudden death, and even habitual death, is hidden from the eye of the intellect,

מַה חַי בְּקִרְבּוֹ וּמַה מֵּת בְּקִרְבּוֹ,

what lives within him and what dies within him,

מַה הָיָה בּוֹ קֹדֶם וּמַה יָּצָא מִמֶּנּוּ,

what was in him before and what came out from him,

כִּי אֵין הַחוּשִׁים רוֹאֶה הֶבְדֵּל בֵּין הַחַי וּבֵין הַמֵּת וּמַה מֵּת בְּקִרְבּוֹ,

For the senses do not see a difference between the living and the dead, and what has died within it,

מַה הָיָה בּוֹ קֹדֶם וּמַה יָּצָא מִמֶּנּוּ,

what was in him before and what came out from him,

כִּי אֵין הַחוּשִׁים רוֹאֶה הֶבְדֵּל בֵּין הַחַי וּבֵין הַדּוֹמֵם בִּלְתִּי הַתְּנוּעָה בִּלְבַד,

For the senses do not see a difference between the living and the inanimate, except for movement alone,

וְהַתְּנוּעָה הַזֹּאת לֹא רָאוּ אוֹתוֹ מִקֹּדֶם וְלֹא אַחֲרֵי כֵן,

And this movement, they did not see it before and not afterwards,

אֶלָּא מִקֹּדֶם רָאוּ הַפְּעֻלָּה וְאַחֲרֵי כֵן לֹא,

Rather, beforehand they saw the action, and afterwards, no,

וּמִפְּנֵי מַה חָסֵר עַתָּה הַפְּעוּלָה,

And because of what is the action now lacking,

אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ, וְנִמְצָא לָכֵן הָעִנְיָן הוּא סוֹד טָמוּן וְגָנוּז,

he does not know, and therefore the matter is a hidden and concealed secret,

וְאֵין אָדָם יוֹדֵעַ מַהוּ כְּלָל.

And no person knows what it is at all.

גַּם הוּא וְאֵין הַשֵּׂכֶל מְחַיֵּב כֵּן וְלֹא שׁוּם חָכָם יוֹדֵעַ מִמֶּנּוּ כְּלוּם.

Also he, and the intellect does not obligate so, and no wise man knows anything from him.

וְהֵפֶךְ מִזֶּה הַנֵּס הוּא הַטֶּבַע, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב בַּתּוֹרָה "שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה לֹא יֵדַע רָע".

And the opposite of this, the miracle, is nature, as it is written in the Torah, "One who guards a mitzvah will not know evil."

אִם הָאָדָם שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה, אָז לֹא יֵדַע שׁוּם דָּבָר רַע,

If a person observes a mitzvah, then he will not know any evil thing,

כִּי כָּל הַדְּבָרִים הָרָעִים וְהַדְּבָרִים הַמַּזִּיקִים לֹא יוּכְלוּ לְהָרַע לוֹ וּלְהַזִּיק אוֹתוֹ כְּלָל,

For all the bad things and the harmful things will not be able to do him bad and to harm him at all,

הַמַּיִם לֹא יִשְׁטְפֶנּוּ וְהָאֵשׁ לֹא יִשְׂרְפֶנּוּ וְהַחַיָּה רָעָה לֹא תַזִּיקֶנּוּ,

The waters will not sweep him away, and the fire will not burn him, and the evil beast will not harm him,

וּבָטֵל נֶגְדּוֹ כָּל הַטֶּבַע, וְאַדְּרַבָּה,

And all of nature was nullified before him; on the contrary,

שֶׁכָּל הַטֶּבַע אֶל הַשּׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה,

that all of nature is for the one who observes a mitzvah,

כְּמַדְרֵגַת הָעֶבֶד אֶל אֲדוֹנָיו,

like the level of the servant to his master,

אֲשֶׁר יְשַׁמְּשֶׁנּוּ לוֹ וְיַכְנִיעַ אֵלָיו וְיַעֲשֶׂה כָּל מַה שֶּׁיִּגְזוֹר עָלָיו לַעֲשׂוֹת,

that he will serve Him for himself, and submit to Him, and do everything that He decrees upon him to do,

וּמִפְּנֵי מַה בָּטֵל אֶצְלוֹ כָּל כֹּחוֹת הַטֶּבַע,

And because of what were all the forces of nature nullified for him,

מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה, וְאַף שֶׁאֵין הָאָדָם רוֹאֶה הַסִּבָּה הַזֶּה לְסִבָּה טִבְעִית,

Because he observes a mitzvah, and even though a person does not see this cause as a natural cause,

כִּי עַל פִּי חֶזְיוֹן הַדִּמְיוֹנִי מַה שַּׁיָּיךְ הַסִּבָּה הַזֹּאת לַמְסוֹבָב הַזֶּה וְכִי מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה יִזְדַּעְזַע הַטֶּבַע מִלְּפָנָיו וְיִהְיוּ כָּל הַכֹּחוֹת מְשֻׁעְבָּדִים אֵלָיו לַעֲשׂוֹת בָּהֶם מַה שֶּׁלִּבּוֹ חָפֵץ,

For according to an imaginary vision, what connection does this cause have to this effect? And is it because he observes a mitzvah that nature will tremble before him, and all forces will be subservient to him, to do with them whatever his heart desires?

זֶהוּ אֵינוֹ פִּירְכָא כְּלוּם.

This is no refutation at all.

הֲלֹא הַכֹּל יוֹדְעִים שֶׁאֶבֶן הַשּׁוֹאֶבֶת מוֹשֵׁךְ אֵלָיו הַבַּרְזֶל,

Is it not so that everyone knows that a magnet draws iron to itself,

וְאִם יָעִיז אֶחָד לִצְעֹק וּלְהַכְחִישׁ זֹאת בְּטַעֲנָה,

And if one dares to cry out and deny this with an argument,

מִי אָמַר זֶה וְאֵיךְ יִמְשׁוֹךְ אוֹתוֹ,

Who said this, and how will he draw it,

וּמִפְּנֵי מַה הוּא, הֲלֹא שׁוֹטֶה גָּדוֹל הוּא,

And why is he like this? Is he not a great fool?

כִּי הַמְּפֻרְסָמוֹת אֵין צְרִיכִין רְאָיָה.

For things that are well-known do not require proof.

כֵּן מַמָּשׁ, כִּי הַשּׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה לֹא יֵדַע דָּבָר רָע, לֹא דָּבָר חָדָשׁ הוּא, וְלֹא מִקְרֶה שֶׁל נֵס, אֶלָּא הַנֵּס הַזֶּה הוּא הַטֶּבַע.

Yes, truly, for one who guards a mitzvah will not know an evil thing; it is not a new thing, and not an incident of a miracle, rather this miracle is nature itself.

כִּי הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה מְפֻרְסָם לָנוּ מְאֹד,

For this matter is very well known to us,

כִּי כָּל הַיְּרֵאִים הָאֲמִתִּיִּים רָאוּ זֶה בְּחוּשׁ וְהִבְחִינוּ זֶה בְּנִסָּיוֹן,

For all true yirei Shamayim saw this with their senses and discerned this through nisayon,

כְּמוֹ שֶׁמָּצִינוּ עַל רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶּן דּוֹסָא שֶׁלָּקַח הֶעָרוֹד עַל כְּתֵפָיו וְהוֹלִיכוֹ בְּבֵית הַמִּדְרָשׁ לְהוֹרוֹת הֲלָכָה בָּרַבִּים,

Just as we find concerning Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa, who took the arud (a venomous snake) upon his shoulders and carried it into the Beis HaMidrash to teach a halacha publicly,

כִּי אֵין הֶעָרוֹד מֵמִית.

For the arad (a type of snake) does not kill.

וְלוּ לֹא הָיָה טִבְעוֹ שֶׁל הַדָּבָר כֵּן כִּי אֵין לַעֲרוֹד כֹּחַ לְהָמִית אֶלָּא בְּאֶמְצָעוּת הַחֵטְא,

And if the nature of the matter were not so, for the arad (serpent) has no power to kill except through the means of sin,

וּמִפְּנֵי מָה לֹא הֵמִית לְרַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶּן דּוֹסָא?

And why did He not put to death Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa?

נֵס הָיָה אָז, וּשְׁלִילַת הַטֶּבַע הוּא וְאֵין הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה מִתְמִיד לִהְיוֹת,

It was a miracle then, and it is a negation of nature, and this thing does not continue to be,

אֶלָּא דֶּרֶךְ מִקְרֶה הוּא, כִּי לְרַבִּי חֲנִינָא נִזְדַּמֵּן לוֹ נֵס,

Rather, it is by way of happenstance, for to Rabbi Chanina a miracle occurred to him,

מִפְּנֵי מָה הֵבִיאוּ לְבֵית הַמִּדְרָשׁ, הַאִם לְהִתְפָּאֵר?

For what reason did they bring him to the Beis HaMidrash? Was it to boast?

וּמַה הוֹצִיא מִזֶּה מִשְׁפָּט כִּי אֵין הֶעָרוֹד מֵמִית אֶלָּא הַחֵטְא.

And what judgment did he derive from this? That the arad (snake) does not kill, but rather the sin.

הֲלֹא נֵס הָיָה, וְעַל פִּי טֶבַע גַּם הָעֲרוֹד מֵמִית לְהַשּׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה גַּם כֵּן.

Was it not a miracle? And according to nature, even the arad snake would kill one who observes a mitzvah as well.

אֶלָּא הוּא הַדָּבָר שֶׁאָמַרְנוּ, כִּי מַה שֶּׁנִּדְמֶה לָנוּ לְנֵס הוּא בְּעֶצֶם טֶבַע.

Rather, this is the matter that we said, that what appears to us as a miracle is in essence nature.

כִּי הַטֶּבַע גּוּפָא מַה הִיא?

For nature itself, what is it?

רַק גְּזֵרַת ה', וּבִלְעָדֵי הַגְּזֵרָה לֹא תּוּכַל כְּלָל לְהִתְקַיֵּם,

Only the decree of Hashem, and without the decree it cannot exist at all,

כִּי אֵין וָאֶפֶס הוּא וְלֹא שׁוּם מַמָּשׁוּת יֵשׁ בָּהּ,

for it is naught and nothingness, and there is no substance whatsoever in it,

אֶלָּא כָּל הַמַּמָּשׁוּת הַזֹּאת וְכָל הַיֵּשׁוּת שֶׁאָנוּ רוֹאִין הוּא רַק כִּי כָּךְ גָּזַר הַבּוֹרֵא לִהְיוֹת וַיְהִי כֵן,

Rather, all this tangibility and all this existence that we see is only because thus the Creator decreed it to be, and it was so,

וְהַגְּזֵרָה הָיְתָה מִשֵּׁשֶׁת יְמֵי בְּרֵאשִׁית עַל תְּנַאי זֶה כִּי לֹא תַּזִּיק לְמִי שֶׁמְּקַיֵּם רְצוֹנוֹ,

And the decree was from the Six Days of Creation on this condition: that it will not harm one who fulfills His will,

כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: "אִם לֹא בְרִיתִי יוֹמָם וָלַיְלָה, חֻקּוֹת שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ לֹא שַׂמְתִּי".

As it is written: "If not for My covenant day and night, the statutes of heaven and earth I would not have set."

וְלָכֵן בִּמְקוֹם הַמִּצְוָה שָׁם סָר גְּזֵרָה הַקְּדוּמָה,

And therefore, in the place of the mitzvah, there the ancient decree is removed,

וְכֵיוָן שֶׁסָּר הַגְּזֵרָה אֵין כָּאן טֶבַע כְּלָל,

And since the decree has departed, there is no nature here at all,

וּבִמְקוֹם הַחֵטְא שָׁם קַיָּם הַגְּזֵרָה,

And in the place of the sin, there the decree exists,

וְלָכֵן לֹא הֶעָרוֹד מֵמִית אֶלָּא הַחֵטְא הוּא מֵמִית,

And therefore, it is not the snake that kills, but rather the sin, that is what kills,

וְכָךְ טֶבַע הַדָּבָר.

And such is the nature of the matter.

וְכֵן בְּרַבִּי פִּנְחָס בֶּן יָאִיר שֶׁהָלַךְ לְקַיֵּם מִצְוַת פִּדְיוֹן שְׁבוּיִם וּפָגַע בְּנָהָר,

And so too with Rabbi Pinchas ben Yair, who went to fulfill the mitzvah of pidyon shvuyim (redeeming captives) and encountered a river,

אָמַר לוֹ פְּלוֹג נַהֲרָא, וְאָמַר לוֹ הַנָּהָר אַתָּה סָפֵק אִם תְּקַיֵּים הַמִּצְוָה וַאֲנִי בְּוַדַּאי מְקַיֵּים גְּזֵרַת ה',

He said to him, 'Divide, river!' And the river said to him, 'You are in doubt if you will fulfill the mitzvah, but I certainly fulfill the decree of Hashem!'

וְנִצְּחוּ בְּמַה שֶּׁאָמַר לוֹ גּוֹזְרַנִי עָלֶיךָ.

And they were victorious through what he said to him, 'I decree upon you.'

וּבַמֶּה נִצְּחוּ?

And with what did they merit victory?

הוּא רַק בִּשְׁבִיל הַיְסוֹד הָאָמוּר שֶׁכָּל מְרוּצַת הַנָּהָר וְקִיּוּמוֹ הוּא רַק בִּשְׁבִיל קִיּוּם הַתּוֹרָה "אִם לֹא בְרִיתִי יוֹמָם וָלַיְלָה חֻקּוֹת שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ לֹא שָׂמְתִּי" (יִרְמְיָהוּ ל"ג).

It is only for the aforementioned foundation, that all the river's flow and its existence is only for the fulfillment of the Torah, as it says, "If not for My covenant day and night, I would not have set the statutes of heaven and earth" (Yirmiyahu 33).

וְלָכֵן בִּמְקוֹם קִיּוּם הַתּוֹרָה לֹא חָיְתָה גְּזֵרַת ה',

And therefore, in the place of fulfilling the Torah, the decree of Hashem did not live,

לָכֵן מוּכְרָח אַתָּה לִפְלֹג לוֹ,

Therefore, you are compelled to separate for it,

וְהַסָּפֵק שֶׁלִּי גָּדוֹל מִוַּדַּאי שֶׁלְּךָ,

And my doubt is greater than your certainty,

וְכָל קִיּוּם הַוַּדַּאי שֶׁלְּךָ, הוּא מִפְּנֵי הַסָּפֵק שֶׁלִּי,

And your entire certain existence, it is because of my doubt,

וְלֹא לְבַד בִּמְקוֹם קִיּוּם עֲשֵׂה וְלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁל הַתּוֹרָה,

And not only in the place of fulfilling the Torah's positive and negative commandments,

גַּם מִפְּנֵי דַּרְכֵי שָׁלוֹם גָּזַר עַל הַנָּהָר לִפְלֹג,

Also, because of the ways of peace, He decreed upon the river to divide,

כִּי גַּם בְּעַד הָעַכּוּ''ם שֶׁהָלַךְ עִמּוֹ אָמַר אֶל הַנָּהָר לִפְלוֹג מִפְּנֵי הַטַּעַם,

For even on behalf of the idol worshipper who went with him, he said to the river to split because of the reason,

כִּי כָּךְ עוֹשִׂין לִבְנֵי לֵוִי וְדַרְכֵי שָׁלוֹם הוּא (חולין ז').

For this is what we do for the Bnei Levi, and it is for the sake of peace (Chullin 7a).

הֲרֵי לָנוּ עַד כַּמָּה גָּדוֹל כֹּחַ שֶׁל שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה וְאַף מִצְוָה שֶׁל דַּרְכֵי שָׁלוֹם שֶׁבָּטֵל אֶצְלוֹ כָּל הַטֶּבַע,

See for us how great is the strength of one who observes a mitzvah, and even a mitzvah of 'ways of peace,' that all of nature is nullified for him,

וּמִשֵּׁשֶׁת יְמֵי בְרֵאשִׁית כָּל הַטֶּבַע נִבְנָה עַל תְּנַאי זֶה שֶׁתְּהֵא בָּטֵל וּמְשֻׁעְבָּד לְעוֹשֵׂי רְצוֹנוֹ שֶׁל מָקוֹם.

And from the Six Days of Creation, all of nature was built upon this condition: that it should be nullified and subservient to those who do the will of the Omnipresent.

וּבֶן פָּרִיךְ הַגְּמָרָא (קִדּוּשִׁין ל"ט) עַל שִׁלּוּחַ הַקֵּן שֶׁאָמְרָה תּוֹרָה וְהֶאֱרַכְתָּ יָמִים,

And the Gemara (Kiddushin 39) raises a difficulty regarding sending away the mother bird from its nest, concerning which the Torah said, "and you will lengthen your days,"

אִם נָפַל מִן הַגַּג הֵיכָן אֲרִיכוּת יָמָיו שֶׁל זֶה,

If he fell from the roof, where is the length of this one's days?

וּמִקּוֹדֶם פָּרִיךְ הַגְּמָרָא מִי יֹאמַר שֶׁהָיָה כֵּן וַהֲלֹא שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה לֹא.

And earlier the Gemara asks, 'Who will say that it was so? But one who guards a mitzvah, no!'

יֵדַע דָּבָר רַע וְלֹא יוּכַל לְהַזִּיק הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה בִּמְצִיאוּת,

He will know an evil thing, but this thing will not be able to harm him in reality,

וּמוּכְרָח הַגְּמָרָא לוֹמַר שֶׁרָאוּ מַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁכֵּן הָיָה,

And the Gemara is forced to say that they saw an incident that it was so,

וְאַחַר כָּךְ פָּרִיךְ הַגְּמָרָא שֶׁמָּא הִרְהֵר בַּעֲבֵירָה,

And afterwards the Gemara asks, perhaps he had a sinful thought,

וְעַל כֵּן הִקְשָׁה הַמַּקְשֶׁה שֶׁעַל זֶה גּוּפָא צָרִיךְ לְהָגֵן עָלָיו הַמִּצְוָה שֶׁלֹּא יְהַרְהֵר בַּעֲבֵירָה.

And therefore, the questioner asked that on this very point, the mitzvah needs to protect him, that he should not have sinful thoughts.

רוֹאִין אָנוּ מִזֶּה עַד כַּמָּה הָיוּ בְּטוּחִים וַחֲזָקִים בְּיְסוֹד זֶה כִּי שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה לֹא יֵדַע דָּבָר רָע הוּא טֶבַע לִפְנֵי כֹּל,

From this we see how much they were secure and strong in this principle, that 'one who keeps a mitzvah will not know an evil thing' is a nature before all,

וְזֹאת הִיא הַטֶּבַע הָאֲמִיתִּית.

And this is the true nature.

וְהַטֶּבַע שֶׁאָנוּ קוֹרְאִים טֶבַע הָיָה אֶצְלָם לְנֵס וְטֶבַע שֶׁקֶר עַד אֲשֶׁר הִתְפַּעֲלוּ עַל הַמַּעֲשֶׂה אֵיךְ נָפַל מִן הַגַּג וְאֵיךְ מֵת מִן.

And the nature that we call nature, for them it was a miracle and a false nature, until they were astonished at the deed, how he fell from the roof and how he died from.

הַנְּפִילָה הַזֹּאת, הֲלֹא שֶׁקֶר הוּא כִּי לַשּׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה יַזִּיק הַנְּפִילָה וְהַטֶּבַע הָאֲמִיתִּית הוּא הַשּׁוֹמֵר מִצְוֹת וְזֶהוּ הַחַיִּים שֶׁלָּנוּ.

This falling, is it not a falsehood that for one who keeps a mitzvah, the falling will harm him? For the true nature is the one who keeps mitzvos, and this is our life.

וְהַחַיִּים הָאֵלּוּ לֹא יוּכַל הַנְּפִילָה לְהַזִּיק,

And these lives, the falling will not be able to harm,

כִּי מַה שַׁיָּיךְ הַנְּפִילָה הַזֹּאת לְהַחַיִּים שֶׁל קִיּוּם הַתּוֹרָה וְכִי הַנְּפִילָה הֶחֱטִיא לוֹ וְסָר מִן הַתּוֹרָה אָז?

For what connection does this fall have to the life of Torah observance? And did the fall cause him to sin and turn away from the Torah then?

וְכֵיוָן שֶׁלֹּא סָר מִן הַתּוֹרָה מִפְּנֵי מָה מֵת מִן הַנְּפִילָה,

And since he did not turn away from the Torah, why did he die from the fall?

כִּי אָמְנָם אֵין הַנְּפִילָה מְמִית אֶלָּא הַחֵטְא מְמִית וְכֵיוָן שֶׁעָלָה לְקַיֵּים אֶת הַתּוֹרָה אֵין כָּאן חֵטְא אֶלָּא שׁוֹמֵר אֶת הַמִּצְוָה,

For truly, the falling itself does not kill, rather the sin kills. And since he rose to fulfill the Torah, there is no sin here, rather he is guarding the mitzvah.

וְשׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה לֹא יֵדַע דָּבָר רָע,

And one who guards a mitzvah will not know an evil thing,

וְאֵיךְ מֵת?

And how does he die?

וְאַף שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲזַ"ל כִּי יִפּוֹל הַנּוֹפֵל הָרָאוּי לִיפּוֹל מִשֵּׁשֶׁת יְמֵי בְרֵאשִׁית וְנִמְצָא שֶׁהַגְּזֵרָה הָיְתָה קוֹדֶם שְׁמִירַת הַמִּצְוָה וְאִם אָמְנָם שֶׁשּׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה לֹא יֵדַע דָּבָר רָע,

And even though Chazal said that 'the one destined to fall, falls' from the Six Days of Creation, and it turns out that the decree was before the observance of the mitzvah, and if indeed 'one who observes a mitzvah will not know evil,'

הַיְינוּ מִשֶּׁלֹּא יִגְזוֹר לוֹ בִּשְׁעַת קִיּוּם הַמִּצְוָה גְּזֵרָה לָמוּת,

That is, that He should not decree upon him, at the time of fulfilling the mitzvah, a decree of death,

וְלֹא יַזִּיק לוֹ שׁוּם דָּבָר הַמַּזִּיק אָז,

and no harmful thing will harm him then,

אֲבָל מִי שֶׁנִּגְזַר עָלָיו קֹדֶם שֶׁיָּמוּת אֵיךְ יְבַטֵּל קִיּוּם הַמִּצְוָה הַזֹּאת אֶת הַגְּזַר דִּינוֹ הַקָּדוּם,

But one upon whom it was decreed before he dies, how will the fulfillment of this mitzvah nullify his prior decree?

בֶּאֱמֶת מִן שְׁאֵלַת הַג' מַשְׁמַע שֶׁכֹּחַ שֶׁל שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה כָּל כָּךְ גָּדוֹל עַד שֶׁלֹּא יוּכַל לִשְׁלֹט עָלָיו גַּם הַגְּזֵרָה הַקְּדוּמָה מִשֵּׁשֶׁת יְמֵי בְּרֵאשִׁית כִּי הַנּוֹפֵל הַזֶּה אַף שֶׁרָאוּי לִפֹּל מִשֵּׁשֶׁת יְמֵי בְּרֵאשִׁית פָּרִיךְ עָלָיו הַגְּמָרָא שֶׁהָיָה צָרִיךְ הַשְּׁמִירָה שֶׁל הַמִּצְוָה לְהָגֵן עָלָיו לִשְׁמֹר אוֹתוֹ מִן הַמִּיתָה הַנִּגְזָר עָלָיו מִשֵּׁשֶׁת יְמֵי בְּרֵאשִׁית,

Indeed, from the third question, it is implied that the power of one who observes a mitzvah is so great that even the ancient decree from the Six Days of Creation cannot rule over him, for regarding this one who falls, even though he was destined to fall from the Six Days of Creation, the Gemara challenges this, saying that the protection of the mitzvah should have protected him, to guard him from the death decreed upon him from the Six Days of Creation.

וּמוּכְרָח הַגְּמָרָא לְתָרֵץ שֶׁמָּא הִרְהֵר בַּעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה וְלֹא הַנְּפִילָה הֵמִיתָה לוֹ אֶלָּא הַהִרְהוּר גָּרַם שֶׁיִּפּוֹל וְיָמוּת כִּי בַּעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה הַמַּחֲשָׁבָה מְצֹרֶפֶת לַמַּעֲשֶׂה.

And the Gemara is forced to answer that perhaps he had a thought of avodah zarah, and it was not the fall that killed him, but rather the thought caused him to fall and die, for regarding avodah zarah, the thought is joined to the deed.

What To Take From Itסִכּוּם

We must open our eyes and minds to understand that our lives are not about chasing fleeting desires, but about recognizing Hashem's constant presence and His Torah. Let's internalize that 'nature' is really a continuous miracle, and for a Yid who keeps mitzvos, miracles are the true 'nature,' as all of creation is subservient to Hashem's will and His tzaddikim. Our avodah is to live with this emunah, knowing that everything is only by Hashem's decree, and our connection to Him determines our reality.

מַאֲמָר ב׳ · תִּקּוּן הַמִּדּוֹת