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חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUAחוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUA

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · כי תבוא · שְׁלִישִׁי

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Ki Tavo · 3rd Aliyah
Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, Moshe Rabbeinu addresses Klal Yisrael with a powerful charge regarding their eternal covenant with Hashem. He emphasizes that the mitzvos and mishpatim are not just ancient decrees, but must be approached with a fresh vitality, as if Hashem is commanding us this very day to fulfill them with all our heart and soul.

We then learn of the unique, mutual commitment between Hashem and His nation. Klal Yisrael declares Hashem as their one and only Elokim, promising to walk in His ways and keep His Torah, while Hashem in turn designates Yisrael as His treasured nation, elevated above all others.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
הַיּוֹםThis dayהַזֶּהthe sameיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godמְצַוְּךָcommands youלַעֲשׂוֹתto performאֶתהַחֻקִּיםthe statutesהָאֵלֶּהtheseוְאֶתand —הַמִּשְׁפָּטִיםthe ordinancesוְשָׁמַרְתָּand you shall keepוְעָשִׂיתָand you shall performאוֹתָםthemבְּכָלwith allלְבָבְךָyour heartוּבְכָלand with allנַפְשֶׁךָ׃your soul
רַשִׁ״י
היוםThis dayהזהthe thisה'Hashemאלהיךyour Godמצוך.commands youבְּכָלin everyיוֹםdayיִהְיוּthey should beבְעֵינֶיךָin your eyesחֲדָשִׁיםnewכְּאִלּוּas ifבוֹon itבַיּוֹםon the dayנִצְטַוֵּיתָyou were commandedעֲלֵיהֶםupon themתנחומאTanchuma:
רַשִׁ״י
ושמרתAnd you shall keepועשיתand you shall doאותם.themבַּתA daughter ofקוֹלa voiceמְבָרַכְתּוֹblesses himהֵבֵאתָYou have broughtבִכּוּרִיםfirst fruitsהַיּוֹם,todayתִּזְכֶּהyou shall meritלְשָׁנָהfor a yearהַבָּאָהthe comingשםthere:
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
אֶתיְהוָהHashemהֶאֱמַרְתָּyou have distinguishedהַיּוֹםthis dayלִהְיוֹתto beלְךָfor youלֵאלֹהִיםas Godוְלָלֶכֶתand to walkבִּדְרָכָיוin His waysוְלִשְׁמֹרand to keepחֻקָּיוHis statutesוּמִצְוֺתָיוand His commandmentsוּמִשְׁפָּטָיוand His ordinancesוְלִשְׁמֹעַand to hearkenבְּקֹלוֹ׃to His voice
רַשִׁ״י
האמרתYou have declaredהאמירך.He has declaredאֵיןthere is noלָהֶםfor themעֵדwitnessמוֹכִיחַprovingבַּמִּקְרָא,in Scriptureוְלִיand to meנִרְאֶהit appearsשֶׁהוּאthat it isלְשׁוֹןan expression ofהַפְרָשָׁהseparationוְהַבְדָּלָהand distinctionהִבְדַּלְתָּyou have distinguishedלְךָfor yourselfמֵאֱלֹהֵיfrom the gods ofהַנֵּכָרthe strangerלִהְיוֹתto beלְךָfor youלֵאלֹהִיםas Godוְהוּאand Heהִפְרִישְׁךָhas separated youאֵלָיוto Himselfמֵעַמֵּיfrom the peoples ofהָאָרֶץthe earthלִהְיוֹתto beלוֹfor Himלְעַםas a nation ofסְגֻלָּה,treasureוּמָצָאתִיand I foundלָהֶםfor themעֵדa witnessוְהוּאand it isלְשׁוֹןan expression ofתִּפְאֶרֶתgloryכְּמוֹlikeתהליםTehillimצ"ד94"יִתְאַמְּרוּthey boastכָּלallפֹּעֲלֵיworkers ofאָוֶן":iniquity
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
וַיהוָהAnd Hashemהֶאֱמִירְךָhas distinguished youהַיּוֹםthis dayלִהְיוֹתto beלוֹto Himלְעַםfor a peopleסְגֻלָּהtreasuredכַּאֲשֶׁרasדִּבֶּרHe spokeלָךְto youוְלִשְׁמֹרand to keepכָּלallמִצְוֺתָיו׃His mitzvos
רַשִׁ״י
כאשרasדברHe spokeלך.to youוִהְיִיתֶםand you shall beלִיto Meסְגֻלָּה:a treasure
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
וּלְתִתְּךָand to set youעֶלְיוֹןsupremeעַלaboveכָּלallהַגּוֹיִםthe nationsאֲשֶׁרthatעָשָׂהHe madeלִתְהִלָּהfor praiseוּלְשֵׁםand for renownוּלְתִפְאָרֶתand for gloryוְלִהְיֹתְךָand for your beingעַםa peopleקָדֹשׁholyלַיהוָהto Hashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godכַּאֲשֶׁרasדִּבֵּר׃He spoke
רַשִׁ״י
ולהיותךand for your beingעםa peopleקדשholyכאשרasדבר.He spokeוִהְיִיתֶםand you shall beלִיto MeקְדֹשִׁיםholyשמותVayikraכ',twentyכ"וtwenty-six:
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah concludes by outlining the ultimate purpose of this covenant, where Hashem promises to set Klal Yisrael high above all the nations of the world in praise, fame, and glory, establishing them as a holy nation dedicated to Hashem, exactly as He promised.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Torah tells us, "Hayom hazeh Hashem Elokecha m'tzavecha la'asos", this day Hashem commands you to do these chukim and mishpatim. Rashi brings down the famous Chazal on this pasuk: every single day, the Torah should be in your eyes as if it were brand new, as if you just received it today from Har Sinai. Lichoira, we have to ask, how is a Yid supposed to hold by such a madrega? We have been doing the same mitzvos, putting on the same tefillin, and davening the same words for years. How can we honestly make it feel brand new today?

The yesod here is that Hashem is not asking us to conjure up a fake emotional excitement. Rather, the Torah is teaching us a deep sevara about our relationship with Hashem. The pasuk continues, "Es Hashem he'emarta hayom... v'Hashem he'emircha hayom." We declared Hashem as our King today, and Hashem declared us as His treasured nation today. This is a mutual covenant of love that is constantly being renewed in the present moment. When you realize that Hashem is looking at you right now, in this very second, with a fresh love as if you were His only child, mimeila your avodah becomes alive. You are not just practicing an old, dusty habit; you are responding to a living, breathing connection that is happening right now.

When we fall into routine, the yetzer hara whispers that our mitzvos are just mechanical. The chiddush of the Torah is that every morning is a completely new creation. When you go to daven or learn today, don't carry the weight of yesterday's coldness or tomorrow's worries. Approach the mitzvah before you with the simple emunah that Hashem is giving it to you davka now, for the very first time.

Today, before you perform one mitzvah, whether it is saying a berachah, putting on tefillin, or giving tzedakah, stop for three seconds and say to yourself: "Hashem is giving me this mitzvah right now, today, for the very first time."

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י — כי תבוא · שְׁלִישִׁי