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חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUAחוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUA

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · כי תבוא · רְבִיעִי

Complete Word-for-Word Interlinear · Navy & Gold Edition
Ki Tavo · 4th Aliyah
Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, Moshe Rabbeinu and the elders of Israel command the Bnei Yisrael regarding the great mitzvos they must perform immediately upon crossing the Yarden into Eretz Yisrael. They are instructed to set up large stones, coat them with plaster, and write the words of the Torah clearly upon them as a testimony of their commitment to Hashem's Torah in the land.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
וַיְצַוAnd commandedמֹשֶׁהMosheוְזִקְנֵיand the elders ofיִשְׂרָאֵלYisraelאֶתהָעָםthe peopleלֵאמֹרsayingשָׁמֹרKeepאֶתכָּלall ofהַמִּצְוָהthe commandmentאֲשֶׁרwhichאָנֹכִיIמְצַוֶּהcommandאֶתְכֶםyouהַיּוֹם׃today
רַשִׁ״י
שמרkeepאתכלall ofהמצוה.the commandmentלְשׁוֹןan expression ofהוֹוֶה,present tenseגרדנ"טgardantבְּלַעַז:in foreign tongue
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
וְהָיָהAnd it shall beבַּיּוֹםon the dayאֲשֶׁרthatתַּעַבְרוּyou crossאֶתהַיַּרְדֵּןthe Jordanאֶלtoהָאָרֶץthe landאֲשֶׁרthatיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godנֹתֵןis givingלָךְto youוַהֲקֵמֹתָand you shall erectלְךָfor yourselfאֲבָנִיםstonesגְּדֹלוֹתlargeוְשַׂדְתָּand you shall plasterאֹתָםthemבַּשִּׂיד׃with plaster
רַשִׁ״י
והקמתAnd you shall raiseלך.for yourselfבַּיַּרְדֵּן,in the Jordanוְאַחֲ"כָּand afterwardsתּוֹצִיאyou shall take outמִשָּׁםfrom thereאֲחֵרוֹתothersוְתִבְנֶהand you shall buildמֵהֶןfrom themמִזְבֵּחַan altarבְּהַרon Mountעֵיבָל;EvalנִמְצֵאתIt turns outאַתָּהyouאוֹמֵרsayשְׁלוֹשָׁהthreeמִינֵיsets ofאֲבָנִיםstonesהָיוּthere wereשְׁתֵּיםtwelveעֶשְׂרֵה·בַּיַּרְדֵּןin the Jordanוּכְנֶגְדָןand corresponding to themבַּגִּלְגָּלin Gilgalוּכְנֶגְדָּןand corresponding to themבְּהַרon Mountעֵיבָל,Evalכִּדְאִיתָאas it isבְמַסֶּכֶתin TractateסוֹטָהSotahדףpageל"ה35b:
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
וְכָתַבְתָּand you shall writeעֲלֵיהֶןupon themאֶתכָּלallדִּבְרֵיthe words ofהַתּוֹרָהthe Torahהַזֹּאתthisבְּעָבְרֶךָwhen you cross overלְמַעַןin orderאֲשֶׁרthatתָּבֹאyou may enterאֶלtoהָאָרֶץthe landאֲ‍שֶׁרwhichיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godנֹתֵןis givingלְךָto youאֶרֶץa landזָבַתflowing withחָלָבmilkוּדְבַשׁand honeyכַּאֲשֶׁרasדִּבֶּרspokeיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֵיthe God ofאֲבֹתֶיךָyour fathersלָךְ׃to you
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
וְהָיָהAnd it shall beבְּעָבְרְכֶםupon your crossingאֶתהַיַּרְדֵּןthe Jordanתָּקִימוּyou shall set upאֶתהָאֲבָנִיםthe stonesהָאֵלֶּהtheseאֲשֶׁרwhichאָנֹכִיIמְצַוֶּהcommandאֶתְכֶםyouהַיּוֹםtodayבְּהַרon MountעֵיבָלEbalוְשַׂדְתָּand you shall coatאוֹתָםthemבַּשִּׂיד׃with plaster
פָּסוּק ה
Pasuk 5
וּבָנִיתָAnd you shall buildשָּׁםthereמִזְבֵּחַan altarלַיהוָהto Hashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godמִזְבַּחan altar ofאֲבָנִיםstonesלֹאyou shall notתָנִיףwieldעֲלֵיהֶםupon themבַּרְזֶל׃iron
פָּסוּק ו
Pasuk 6
אֲבָנִיםstonesשְׁלֵמוֹתwholeתִּבְנֶהyou shall buildאֶתמִזְבַּחthe altar ofיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godוְהַעֲלִיתָand you shall offerעָלָיוupon itעוֹלֹתburnt offeringsלַיהוָהto Hashemאֱלֹהֶיךָ׃your God
פָּסוּק ז
Pasuk 7
וְזָבַחְתָּand you shall sacrificeשְׁלָמִיםpeace offeringsוְאָכַלְתָּand you shall eatשָּׁםthereוְשָׂמַחְתָּand you shall rejoiceלִפְנֵיbeforeיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָ׃your God
פָּסוּק ח
Pasuk 8
וְכָתַבְתָּand you shall writeעַלuponהָאֲבָנִיםthe stonesאֶתכָּלall ofדִּבְרֵיthe words ofהַתּוֹרָהthe Torahהַזֹּאתthisבַּאֵרexplainedהֵיטֵב׃well
רַשִׁ״י
בארexplainingהיטב.wellבְּשִׁבְעִיםin seventyלָשׁוֹןlanguagesשםthereל"ב32:
פָּסוּק ט
Pasuk 9
וַיְדַבֵּרAnd spokeמֹשֶׁהMosheוְהַכֹּהֲנִיםand the Kohanimהַלְוִיִּםthe Leviimאֶלtoכָּלall ofיִשְׂרָאֵלYisraelלֵאמֹרsayingהַסְכֵּתbe silentוּשְׁמַעand hearיִשְׂרָאֵלYisraelהַיּוֹםthe dayהַזֶּהthisנִהְיֵיתָyou have becomeלְעָםfor a nationלַיהוָהto Hashemאֱלֹהֶיךָ׃your God
רַשִׁ״י
הסכת.understandכְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ:like its translation
רַשִׁ״י
היוםThis dayהזהthe thisנהייתyou have becomeלעם.to a nationבְּכָלOn everyיוֹםdayיִהְיוּthey should beבְעֵינֶיךָin your eyesכְּאִלּוּas ifהַיּוֹםtodayבָּאתָyou enteredעִמּוֹwith Himבַּבְּרִיתinto the covenantברכותBerachotס"ג63b:
פָּסוּק י
Pasuk 10
וְשָׁמַעְתָּAnd you shall listenבְּקוֹלto the voice ofיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godוְעָשִׂיתָand you shall performאֶתמִצְוֺתָוHis commandmentsוְאֶתand —חֻקָּיוHis statutesאֲשֶׁרwhichאָנֹכִיIמְצַוְּךָcommand youהַיּוֹם׃today
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah continues with the command to set up these plastered stones on Har Eival and to build an altar of whole, unhewn stones, upon which no iron tool has been lifted. On this mizbeach, the Bnei Yisrael are to offer olos and shelamim, eating and rejoicing before Hashem, while writing the entire Torah clearly on the stones. Finally, Moshe and the Kohanim Levi'im declare to the nation that on this day they have officially become the nation of Hashem, and they are exhorted to listen to His voice and keep His mitzvos.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Torah is telling us that the very first thing Klal Yisrael had to do upon crossing the Jordan into Eretz Yisrael was to set up large stones, plaster them, and write the entire Torah upon them "ba'er heiteiv", most distinctly. Lichoira, they were entering a physical land, a land flowing with milk and honey, where they would have to build homes, plant fields, and fight battles. Yet, the Torah is teaching us a massive yesod in avodas Hashem: before you even begin to settle into your physical surroundings, you must establish your spiritual foundation. You must write the Torah clearly on the stones of your life.

This is the chiddush of "ba'er heiteiv." It is not enough to have the Torah tucked away in the bais medrash or kept as a vague set of ideas in our minds. We have to write it clearly on the very stones of our daily existence. Every single day, we enter our own "land", our workplaces, our homes, our daily errands, and our interactions with the world. The yetzer hara wants us to get so swept up in the physical details of our day that we forget who we are. The eitzah is to set up our spiritual boundaries first thing, making our commitment to Hashem and His mitzvos absolutely clear and unmistakable.

When we make our learning and our davening the solid, unshakeable foundation of our day, everything else falls into place. Mimeila, even our physical involvements become elevated. We can then build a mizbeach, bring shelamim, and truly rejoice before Hashem, because our entire life is built on the clear, distinct foundation of Torah.

Today, before you get swept up in the rush of your daily schedule, take five minutes to learn a halachah or a passuk with Rashi, establishing a clear, distinct boundary of Torah that will anchor and guide your entire day.

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י — כי תבוא · רְבִיעִי