Seder Yomi

Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, we learn about the special korbanos offered during the Yom Tov of Sukkos, starting on the fifteenth day of the seventh month. The Torah details the unique avodah of these seven days, where we bring a massive number of bulls, rams, and lambs as olos, alongside their proper minchos and nesachim, plus a goat for a chatas each day.

We then transition to the eighth day, Shemini Atzeres, which Hashem designates as a special, intimate gathering for Klal Yisrael. The Torah outlines the scaled-down korbanos for this day, showing how much Hashem cherishes His children by asking for just a single bull and a single ram before we return to our daily routines.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.

פָּסוּק א

Pasuk 1

וּבַחֲמִשָּׁהAnd on the fifteenthעָשָׂר·יוֹםdayלַחֹדֶשׁof the monthהַשְּׁבִיעִיthe seventhמִקְרָאa convocation ofקֹדֶשׁholinessיִהְיֶהthere shall beלָכֶםfor youכָּלanyמְלֶאכֶתwork ofעֲבֹדָהlaborלֹאnotתַעֲשׂוּyou shall doוְחַגֹּתֶםand you shall celebrateחַגa festivalלַיהוָהto Hashemשִׁבְעַתsevenיָמִים׃days

פָּסוּק ב

Pasuk 2

וְהִקְרַבְתֶּםAnd you shall offerעֹלָהa burnt offeringאִשֵּׁהa fire offeringרֵיחַan aroma ofנִיחֹחַsatisfactionלַיהוָהto Hashemפָּרִיםbullsבְּנֵיyoung ofבָקָרthe herdשְׁלֹשָׁהthreeעָשָׂרtenאֵילִםramsשְׁנָיִםtwoכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיwithinשָׁנָהtheir yearאַרְבָּעָהfourעָשָׂרtenתְּמִימִםunblemishedיִהְיוּ׃they shall be

פָּסוּק ג

Pasuk 3

וּמִנְחָתָםand their meal-offeringסֹלֶתfine flourבְּלוּלָהmixedבַשָּׁמֶןwith oilשְׁלֹשָׁהthreeעֶשְׂרֹנִיםtenthsלַפָּרfor the bullהָאֶחָדthe oneלִשְׁלֹשָׁהfor the threeעָשָׂרtenפָּרִיםbullsשְׁנֵיtwoעֶשְׂרֹנִיםtenthsלָאַיִלfor the ramהָאֶחָדthe oneלִשְׁנֵיfor the twoהָאֵילִם׃rams

פָּסוּק ד

Pasuk 4

וְעִשָּׂרוֹןand a tenthעִשָּׂרוֹןa tenthלַכֶּבֶשׂfor the lambהָאֶחָדthe oneלְאַרְבָּעָהfor fourteenעָשָׂר·כְּבָשִׂים׃lambs

פָּסוּק ה

Pasuk 5

וּשְׂעִירand a male goat ofעִזִּיםgoatsאֶחָדoneחַטָּאתsin offeringמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualמִנְחָתָהּits meal offeringוְנִסְכָּהּ׃and its libation

פָּסוּק ו

Pasuk 6

וּבַיּוֹםAnd on the dayהַשֵּׁנִיthe secondפָּרִיםbullsבְּנֵיyoung ofבָקָרthe herdשְׁנֵיםtwoעָשָׂרtenאֵילִםramsשְׁנָיִםtwoכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיofשָׁנָהa yearאַרְבָּעָהfourעָשָׂרtenתְּמִימִם׃unblemished

פָּסוּק ז

Pasuk 7

וּמִנְחָתָםand their grain-offeringוְנִסְכֵּיהֶםand their libationsלַפָּרִיםfor the bullsלָאֵילִםfor the ramsוְלַכְּבָשִׂיםand for the lambsבְּמִסְפָּרָםby their numberכַּמִּשְׁפָּט׃according to the law

רַשִׁ״י

ומנחתםand their meal-offeringונסכיהםand their drink-offeringsלפרים.for the bullocksפָּרֵיthe bullocks ofהֶחָגthe Festivalשִׁבְעִיםseventyהֵםthey areכְּנֶגֶדcorresponding toשִׁבְעִיםseventyאֻמּוֹת,nationsוּמִתְמַעֲטִיםand they decreaseוְהוֹלְכִים,continuallyסִימָןa sign ofכְּלָיָהdestructionהִיאit isלָהֶם,for themוּבִימֵיand in the days ofהַמִּקְדָּשׁthe Templeהָיוּthey wereמְגִנִּיםprotectingעֲלֵיהֶםupon themמִןfromהַיִּסּוּרִיןthe sufferingsסוכהSukkahנ"ה55:

רַשִׁ״י

ולכבשים.and for the lambsכְּנֶגֶדcorresponding toיִשְׂרָאֵלYisraelשֶׁנִּקְרְאוּwho are called"שֶׂהa sheepפְזוּרָה"scatteredירמיהוYirmeyahuנ'50,וְהֵםand theyקְבוּעִים,are fixedוּמִנְיָנָםand their numberתִּשְׁעִיםninetyוּשְׁמוֹנָה,and eightלְכַלּוֹתto annulמֵהֶםfrom themתִּשְׁעִיםninetyוּשְׁמוֹנֶהand eightקְלָלוֹתcursesשֶׁבְּמִשְׁנֵהthat are in Mishnehתוֹרָה;Torahבַּשֵּׁנִיon the secondנֶאֱמַרit is saidוְנִסְכֵּיהֶםand their drink-offeringsעַלconcerningשְׁנֵיthe twoתְמִידֵיcontinual-offerings ofהַיּוֹם,the dayוְלֹאand notשִׁנָּהdid it changeהַלָּשׁוֹןthe wordingאֶלָּאexceptלִדְרֹשׁ,to expoundכְּמוֹjust asשֶׁאָמְרוּthat saidרַבּוֹתֵינוּour Rabbisזִ"לִof blessed memoryספרי;SifreiשבתShabbosק"נ150בַּשֵּׁנִיon the secondוְנִסְכֵּיהֶם,and their drink-offeringsבַּשִּׁשִּׁיon the sixthוּנְסָכֶיהָ,and its drink-offeringsבַּשְּׁבִיעִיon the seventhכְּמִשְׁפָּטָם,according to their ruleמֵ"םMemיוֹ"דYodמֵ"םMemהֲרֵיbeholdכָאןhereמַיִם,waterרֶמֶזa hintלְנִסּוּךְfor the pouring ofהַמַּיִםthe waterמִןfromהַתּוֹרָהthe Torahבֶּחָג:on the Festival

פָּסוּק ח

Pasuk 8

וּשְׂעִירand a male goat ofעִזִּיםgoatsאֶחָדoneחַטָּאתsin offeringמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualוּמִנְחָתָהּand its meal offeringוְנִסְכֵּיהֶם׃and their libations

פָּסוּק ט

Pasuk 9

וּבַיּוֹםAnd on the dayהַשְּׁלִישִׁיthirdפָּרִיםbullsעַשְׁתֵּיelevenעָשָׂר·אֵילִםramsשְׁנָיִםtwoכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיyearlingsשָׁנָה·אַרְבָּעָהfourteenעָשָׂר·תְּמִימִם׃unblemished

פָּסוּק י

Pasuk 10

פָּסוּק יא

Pasuk 11

וּשְׂעִירand a male goat ofחַטָּאתsin offeringאֶחָדoneמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualוּמִנְחָתָהּand its meal offeringוְנִסְכָּהּ׃and its libation

פָּסוּק יב

Pasuk 12

וּבַיּוֹםAnd on the dayהָרְבִיעִיfourthפָּרִיםbullsעֲשָׂרָהtenאֵילִםramsשְׁנָיִםtwoכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיsons ofשָׁנָהa yearאַרְבָּעָהfourעָשָׂרteenתְּמִימִם׃unblemished

פָּסוּק יג

Pasuk 13

מִנְחָתָםtheir grain offeringוְנִסְכֵּיהֶםand their libationsלַפָּרִיםfor the bullsלָאֵילִםfor the ramsוְלַכְּבָשִׂיםand for the lambsבְּמִסְפָּרָםby their numberכַּמִּשְׁפָּט׃according to the law

פָּסוּק יד

Pasuk 14

וּשְׂעִירand a male goat ofעִזִּיםgoatsאֶחָדoneחַטָּאתsin offeringמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualמִנְחָתָהּits grain offeringוְנִסְכָּהּ׃and its libation

פָּסוּק טו

Pasuk 15

וּבַיּוֹםAnd on the dayהַחֲמִישִׁיfifthפָּרִיםbullsתִּשְׁעָהnineאֵילִםramsשְׁנָיִםtwoכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיsons ofשָׁנָהa yearאַרְבָּעָהfourעָשָׂרteenתְּמִימִם׃unblemished

פָּסוּק טז

Pasuk 16

פָּסוּק יז

Pasuk 17

וּשְׂעִירand a male goat ofחַטָּאתsin offeringאֶחָדoneמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualוּמִנְחָתָהּand its grain offeringוְנִסְכָּהּ׃and its libation

פָּסוּק יח

Pasuk 18

וּבַיּוֹםAnd on the dayהַשִּׁשִּׁיthe sixthפָּרִיםbullsשְׁמֹנָהeightאֵילִםramsשְׁנָיִםtwoכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיofשָׁנָהa yearאַרְבָּעָהfourעָשָׂרteenתְּמִימִם׃unblemished

פָּסוּק יט

Pasuk 19

וּמִנְחָתָםand their meal-offeringוְנִסְכֵּיהֶםand their libationsלַפָּרִיםfor the bullsלָאֵילִםfor the ramsוְלַכְּבָשִׂיםand for the sheepבְּמִסְפָּרָםby their numberכַּמִּשְׁפָּט׃according to the law

פָּסוּק כ

Pasuk 20

וּשְׂעִירand a male-goat ofחַטָּאתsin-offeringאֶחָדoneמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt-offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualמִנְחָתָהּits meal-offeringוּנְסָכֶיהָ׃and its libations

פָּסוּק כא

Pasuk 21

וּבַיּוֹםAnd on the dayהַשְּׁבִיעִיseventhפָּרִיםbullsשִׁבְעָהsevenאֵילִםramsשְׁנָיִםtwoכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיsons ofשָׁנָהa yearאַרְבָּעָהfourעָשָׂרtenתְּמִימִם׃unblemished

פָּסוּק כב

Pasuk 22

וּמִנְחָתָםand their grain-offeringוְנִסְכֵּהֶםand their libationsלַפָּרִיםfor the bullsלָאֵילִםfor the ramsוְלַכְּבָשִׂיםand for the lambsבְּמִסְפָּרָםby their numberכְּמִשְׁפָּטָם׃according to their rule

פָּסוּק כג

Pasuk 23

וּשְׂעִירand a male goat ofחַטָּאתsin offeringאֶחָדoneמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualמִנְחָתָהּits meal offeringוְנִסְכָּהּ׃and its libation

פָּסוּק כד

Pasuk 24

בַּיּוֹםOn the dayהַשְּׁמִינִיthe eighthעֲצֶרֶתa restrictionתִּהְיֶהshall beלָכֶםfor youכָּלanyמְלֶאכֶתwork ofעֲבֹדָהlaborלֹאnotתַעֲשׂוּ׃shall you do

רַשִׁ״י

עצרתA restrictionתהיהthere shall beלכם.for youעֲצוּרִיםrestrictedבַּעֲשִׂיַּתin the doing ofמְלָאכָה;melachaדָּ"אַ,another explanationעצרתrestriction—עִצְרוּrestrict yourselvesמִלָּצֵאת,from leavingמְלַמֵּדthis teachesשֶׁטָּעוּןthat it requiresלִינָה;remaining overnightוּמִדְרָשׁוֹand its homilyבַאַגָּדָהin the Agadaלְפִיbecauseשֶׁכָּלthat allיְמוֹתthe days ofהָרֶגֶלthe Festivalהִקְרִיבוּthey offered sacrificesכְנֶגֶדcorresponding toשִׁבְעִיםseventyאֻמּוֹת,nationsוּבָאִיןand they comeלָלֶכֶת,to goאָמַרsaidלָהֶםto themהַמָּקוֹםthe Omnipresentבְּבַקָּשָׁהpleaseמִכֶּםfrom youעֲשׂוּmakeלִיfor Meסְעוּדָהa banquetקְטַנָּהsmallכְּדֵיso thatשֶׁאֵהָנֶהI may enjoyמִכֶּםfrom youסוכהSukkahנ"ה55:

פָּסוּק כה

Pasuk 25

וְהִקְרַבְתֶּםand you shall offerעֹלָהa burnt offeringאִשֵּׁהa fire offeringרֵיחַan aromaנִיחֹחַof pleasingלַיהוָהto Hashemפַּרbullאֶחָדoneאַיִלramאֶחָדoneכְּבָשִׂיםlambsבְּנֵיsons ofשָׁנָהa yearשִׁבְעָהsevenתְּמִימִם׃unblemished

רַשִׁ״י

פרA bullockאחדoneאילa ramאחד.oneאֵלּוּtheseכְנֶגֶדcorrespond toיִשְׂרָאֵל,Yisraelהִתְעַכְּבוּstayלִיwith meמְעַטa littleעוֹד,longerוּלְשׁוֹןand an expression ofחִבָּהaffectionהוּאitזֶה,isכְּבָנִיםlike childrenהַנִּפְטָרִיםwho take leaveמֵאֲבִיהֶםfrom their fatherוְהוּאand heאוֹמֵרsaysלָהֶםto themקָשָׁהis hardעָלַיupon meפְּרֵדַתְכֶם,your partingעַכְּבוּstayעוֹדmoreיוֹםdayאֶחָד,oneמָשָׁלA parableלְמֶלֶךְto a kingשֶׁעָשָׂהwho madeסְעוּדָהa banquetכוּ',etc.כִּדְאִיתָאas it isבְמַסֶּכֶתin TractateסֻכָּהSukkahשםthere;וּבְמִדְרַשׁand in the Midrash ofרַבִּיRabbiתַנְחוּמָא:Tanchumaלִמְּדָהtaughtתוֹרָהthe Torahדֶּרֶךְproperאֶרֶץconductשֶׁמִּיthat one whoשֶׁיֵּשׁhasלוֹwith himאַכְסְנַאיa guestיוֹםdayרִאשׁוֹןthe firstיַאֲכִילֶנּוּhe should feed himפְּטוּמוֹת,fattened poultryלְמָחָרon the morrowיַאֲכִילֶנּוּhe should feed himדָּגִים,fishלְמָחָרon the morrowבְּשַׂרmeat ofבְּהֵמָה,animalלְמָחָרon the morrowמַאֲכִילוֹhe feeds himקִטְנִית,pulseלְמָחָרon the morrowמַאֲכִילוֹhe feeds himיָרָק,vegetablesפּוֹחֵתdiminishingוְהוֹלֵךְgraduallyכְּפָרֵיlike the bullocks ofהֶחָג:the Festival

פָּסוּק כו

Pasuk 26

מִנְחָתָםtheir grain offeringוְנִסְכֵּיהֶםand their libationsלַפָּרfor the bullלָאַיִלfor the ramוְלַכְּבָשִׂיםand for the lambsבְּמִסְפָּרָםby their numberכַּמִּשְׁפָּט׃according to the law

פָּסוּק כז

Pasuk 27

וּשְׂעִירand a male-goat ofחַטָּאתsin-offeringאֶחָדoneמִלְּבַדbesidesעֹלַתthe burnt-offering ofהַתָּמִידthe continualוּמִנְחָתָהּand its grain-offeringוְנִסְכָּהּ׃and its libation

פָּסוּק כח

Pasuk 28

אֵלֶּהTheseתַּעֲשׂוּyou shall makeלַיהוָהfor Hashemבְּמוֹעֲדֵיכֶםon your festivalsלְבַדasideמִנִּדְרֵיכֶםfrom your vowsוְנִדְבֹתֵיכֶםand your donationsלְעֹלֹתֵיכֶםfor your burnt-offeringsוּלְמִנְחֹתֵיכֶםand for your meal-offeringsוּלְנִסְכֵּיכֶםand for your libationsוּלְשַׁלְמֵיכֶם׃and for your peace-offerings

רַשִׁ״י

אלהTheseתעשוyou shall doלה'for Hashemבמועדיכם.on your festivalsדָּבָרa matterהַקָּצוּבthat is fixedלְחוֹבָה:as an obligation

רַשִׁ״י

לבדBesidesמנדריכם.your vowsאִםifבָּאתֶםyou cameלִדּוֹרto vowקָרְבָּנוֹתsacrificesבָּרֶגֶל,on the Festivalמִצְוָהa mitzvahהִיאit isבְּיֶדְכֶם,in your handאוֹorנְדָרִיםvowsאוֹorנְדָבוֹתfreewill offeringsשֶׁנְּדַרְתֶּםthat you vowedכָּלallהַשָּׁנָה,the yearהַקְרִיבוּםbring themבָּרֶגֶל,on the Festivalשֶׁמָּאperhapsיִקְשֶׁהit will be hardלוֹfor himלַחֲזֹרto returnוְלַעֲלוֹתand to go upלִירוּשָׁלַיִםto Yerushalayimוּלְהַקְרִיבand to offerנְדָרָיוhis vowsוְנִמְצָאand he will be foundעוֹבֵרtransgressingבְּבַלthe prohibition of do notתְּאַחֵר:delay

פָּסוּק כט

Pasuk 29

וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidמֹשֶׁהMosheאֶלtoבְּנֵיthe children ofיִשְׂרָאֵלYisraelכְּכֹלaccording to allאֲשֶׁרthatצִוָּהcommandedיְהוָהHashemאֶת—מֹשֶׁה׃Moshe

רַשִׁ״י

ויאמרAnd he saidמשהMosheאלtoבניthe children ofישראל.Yisraelלְהַפְסִיקto separateהָעִנְיָן,the subjectדִּבְרֵיthe words ofרַבִּיRabbiיִשְׁמָעֵאל,Yishmaelלְפִיbecauseשֶׁעַדthat untilכָּאןhereדְּבָרָיוthe words ofשֶׁלofמָקוֹםthe Omnipresentוּפָרָשַׁתand the section ofנְדָרִיםvowsמַתְחֶלֶתbeginsבְּדִבּוּרוֹwith the speechשֶׁלofמֹשֶׁה,Mosheהֻצְרַךְit was necessaryלְהַפְסִיקto separateתְּחִלָּהfirstוְלוֹמַרand to sayשֶׁחָזַרthat returnedמֹשֶׁהMosheוְאֲמָרָהּand said itפָרָשָׁהsectionזוֹthisלְיִשְׂרָאֵל,to Yisraelשֶׁאִםfor ifלֹאnotכֵן,soיֵשׁthere isבְּמַשְׁמַעin the implicationשֶׁלֹּאthat he did notאָמַרsayלָהֶםto themזוֹ,thisאֶלָּאbutבְּפָרָשַׁתwith the section ofנְדָרִיםvowsהִתְחִילhe beganדְּבָרָיו:his words

Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah details the daily sacrificial order for the seven days of Sukkos, featuring a descending number of bulls starting with thirteen on the first day down to seven on the seventh day, alongside two rams, fourteen lambs, and a chatas goat daily with their respective grain and drink offerings. On the eighth day, Shemini Atzeres, a solemn gathering is held with a smaller offering of one bull, one ram, seven lambs, and a goat. The parshah concludes by noting that these communal offerings are brought at their appointed times in addition to any personal vows or freewill offerings, and Moshe Rabbeinu faithfully conveys all of these commands from Hashem to Klal Yisrael.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

Look closely at the beautiful pattern of the Sukkot offerings in our parshah. On the first day, we bring thirteen bulls, on the second day twelve, and the number keeps decreasing by one each day until we reach seven bulls on the seventh day. But then, on the eighth day, Shemini Atzeret, everything changes. The Torah commands us to bring just one single bull and one single ram.

Rashi, quoting the Gemara in Sukkah, explains this with a beautiful mashal of a king who made a grand feast for all his subjects. When the party is over and everyone is leaving, the king turns to his beloved, closest friend and says, "Please, make me a small, simple meal, just so I can enjoy your company alone for one more day. It is hard for me to see you leave."

This is the deep avodah of Shemini Atzeret, and it is a lesson for our entire lives. Hashem does not want us to think that closeness to Him requires grand, overwhelming gestures or massive, complex undertakings. After all the noise and the grand scale of the holiday, Hashem asks for "par echad, ayil echad", just one bull, one ram. He wants simplicity. He wants a quiet, intimate connection with you, without any of the external fanfare.

Today, find one quiet moment to connect with Hashem without any distractions or grand expectations. Take just two minutes to speak to Him from your heart in your own words, cherishing the simple, quiet closeness of a child sitting alone with their Father.