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חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUAחוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUA

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · ראש השנה א · שְׁלִישִׁי

Complete Word-for-Word Interlinear · Navy & Gold Edition
Rosh Hashana I · 3rd Aliyah
Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this Aliyah, we learn about the painful but necessary separation that had to take place within the household of Avraham Avinu. Sarah Imeinu, with her deep spiritual foresight, sees Ishmael, the son of Hagar, acting in a way that threatens the spiritual future of the home, prompting her to demand their banishment.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
וַתֵּרֶאAnd she sawשָׂרָהSarahאֶתבֶּןthe son ofהָגָרHagarהַמִּצְרִיתthe Egyptianאֲשֶׁרwhomיָלְדָהshe boreלְאַבְרָהָםto Avrahamמְצַחֵק׃making merry
רַשִׁ״י
מצחק.making sportלְשׁוֹןan expression ofעֲ"זָ,idolatryכְּמוֹjust asשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרthat it is saidוַיָּקֻמוּand they aroseלְצַחֵקto make merryשמותShemosל"ב32,דָּ"אַanother explanationלְשׁוֹןan expression ofגִּלּוּיuncovering ofעֲרָיוֹת,forbidden relationsכְּמָהjust asדְּתֵימָאyou sayלְצַחֶקto mockבִּיat meבראשיתBereishisל"ט39,דָּ"אַanother explanationלְשׁוֹןan expression ofרְצִיחָה,murderכְּמוֹjust asיָקוּמוּlet ariseנָאpleaseהַנְּעָרִיםthe young menוִישַׂחֲקוּand make sportלְפָנֵינוּbefore usוְגוֹ'and so onשמואלShmuelבIIב'2,שֶׁהָיָהthat he wasמֵרִיבquarrellingעִםwithיִצְחָקYitzchakעַלaboutהַיְרֻשָּׁהthe inheritanceוְאוֹמֵרand sayingאֲנִיI amבְּכוֹרthe firstbornוְנוֹטֵלand I takeפִּיa portion ofשְׁנַיִם,twoוְיוֹצְאִיםand they went outבַּשָּׂדֶהinto the fieldוְנוֹטֵלand he tookקַשְׁתּוֹhis bowוְיוֹרֶהand shotבוֹat himחִצִּים,arrowsכְּמָהjust asדְּתֵימָאyou sayכְּמִתְלַהְלֵהַּas a madmanהַיֹּרֶהwho castsזִקִּיםfirebrandsוְגוֹ'and so onוְאָמַרand saysהֲלֹאam I notמְשַׂחֵקmockingאָנִיIמשליMishleiכ"ו26:
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
וַתֹּאמֶרAnd she saidלְאַבְרָהָםto Avrahamגָּרֵשׁdrive outהָאָמָהthe handmaidהַזֹּאתthisוְאֶתand —בְּנָהּher sonכִּיforלֹאnotיִירַשׁshall inheritבֶּןthe son ofהָאָמָהthe handmaidהַזֹּאתthisעִםwithבְּנִיmy sonעִםwithיִצְחָק׃Yitzchak
רַשִׁ״י
עםwithבניmy sonעםwithיצחק.Yitzchakמִכֵּיוָןsinceשֶׁהוּאthat he isבְנִיmy sonאֲפִלּוּevenאִםifאֵינוֹhe is notהָגוּןworthyכְּיִצְחָק,like Yitzchakאוֹorהָגוּןworthyכְּיִצְחָקlike Yitzchakאֲפִלּוּevenאֵינוֹhe is notבְנִי,my sonאֵיןis notזֶהthis oneכְדַאיdeservingלִירַשׁto inheritעִמּוֹ,with himקַ"וָhow much more soעִםwithבְּנִיmy sonעִםwithיִצְחָק,Yitzchakשֶׁשְּׁתֵיהֶןthat both of themבּוֹare in himבראשיתBereishisרבהRabbah:
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
וַיֵּרַעAnd it was badהַדָּבָרthe matterמְאֹדgreatlyבְּעֵינֵיin the eyes ofאַבְרָהָםAvrahamעַלonאוֹדֹתaccount ofבְּנוֹ׃his son
רַשִׁ״י
עלOnאודותaccount ofבנו.his sonשֶׁשָּׁמַעbecause he heardשֶׁיָּצָאthat he went outלְתַרְבּוּתto a cultureרָעָהevilבראשיתBereishisרבהRabbah,וּפְשׁוּטוֹand its plain meaningעַלis becauseשֶׁאָמְרָהthat she saidלוֹto himלְשַׁלְּחוֹ:to send him away
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאֱלֹהִיםGodאֶלtoאַבְרָהָםAvrahamאַלdo notיֵרַעlet it be badבְּעֵינֶיךָin your eyesעַלconcerningהַנַּעַרthe ladוְעַלand concerningאֲמָתֶךָyour maidservantכֹּלallאֲשֶׁרthatתֹּאמַרshe saysאֵלֶיךָto youשָׂרָהSarahשְׁמַעhearkenבְּקֹלָהּto her voiceכִּיforבְיִצְחָקin Yitzchakיִקָּרֵאwill be calledלְךָfor youזָרַע׃offspring
רַשִׁ״י
שמעHearkenבקולה.unto her voiceלָמַדְנוּwe have learnedשֶׁהָיָהthat wasאַבְרָהָםAvrahamטָפֵלinferiorלְשָׂרָהto Sarahבִּנְבִיאוּת:in prophecy
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The Aliyah begins with Sarah witnessing Ishmael's troubling behavior, which Rashi explains refers to the gravest sins. Sarah demands that Avraham cast out Hagar and her son so that Ishmael will not inherit along with Yitzchak. Although this matter is exceedingly painful to Avraham because it concerns his own son, Hashem commands him to listen to everything Sarah says, confirming her superior level of prophecy and assuring him that his true legacy will continue specifically through Yitzchak.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Torah is showing us a powerful yesod in how we build our homes and protect our children. Lichoira, when Sarah Imeinu saw Yishmael "playing" and demanded to cast him out, Avraham Avinu was deeply distressed. It was his own son, and his middah of chesed made him want to keep everyone close. But Hashem stepped in and told Avraham, "Whatever Sarah tells you, do as she says." Hashem was telling Avraham that Sarah had a deeper, sharper vision when it came to the spiritual safety of the home. She saw that Yishmael's negative influence would block Yitzchak from becoming who he needed to be.

In our own lives, we often face a similar nisayon. We want to be nice, we want to be accommodating, and we tell ourselves that exposing our children to a little bit of the outside street culture or a questionable friend won't hurt them. We think we can manage the risk. But the Torah is teaching us that when it comes to ruchniyus and the chinuch of our children, we cannot compromise. We have to create a holy, protected environment. Sometimes, being a true oved Hashem means having the courage to set firm boundaries and say, "This influence cannot enter my home."

Today, take a look at the environment in your own home. Identify one book, device, or outside influence that you know deep down is bringing a cold, secular attitude into your family's space, and make a firm decision to remove it from your home.

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י — ראש השנה א · שְׁלִישִׁי