← סֵדֶר יוֹמִי · Home
Download PDF ↓
חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUAחוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUA

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · סוכות חג ראשון · שְׁלִישִׁי

Complete Word-for-Word Interlinear · Navy & Gold Edition
Sukkot I · 3rd Aliyah
Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, the Torah begins the section of the Yomim Tovim, introducing them as the set times of Hashem and sacred occasions that Bnei Yisrael are commanded to celebrate, each one in its proper appointed time. The Torah starts this order with the month of Nissan, the first of the months.

We learn the basic halachos of the very first Yom Tov of the year, starting with the Korban Pesach on the afternoon of the fourteenth of Nissan, followed immediately by the seven-day Chag HaMatzos starting on the fifteenth. The Torah establishes the first and seventh days of the chag as Mikraei Kodesh, where we are forbidden from doing melacha.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
אֵלֶּהThese areמוֹעֲדֵיthe appointed times ofיְהוָהHashemמִקְרָאֵיcallings ofקֹדֶשׁholinessאֲשֶׁרwhichתִּקְרְאוּyou shall callאֹתָםthemבְּמוֹעֲדָם׃in their appointed time
רַשִׁ״י
אלהThese areמועדיthe festivals ofה'.Hashemלְמַעְלָהaboveמְדַבֵּרit speaksבְּעִבּוּרof the intercalation ofשָׁנָהthe yearוְכָאןand hereמְדַבֵּרit speaksבְּקִדּוּשׁof the sanctification ofהַחֹדֶשׁ:the month
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
בַּחֹדֶשׁIn the monthהָרִאשׁוֹןthe firstבְּאַרְבָּעָהon the fourteenthעָשָׂר·לַחֹדֶשׁof the monthבֵּיןbetweenהָעַרְבָּיִםthe eveningsפֶּסַחis a Pesach offeringלַיהוָה׃to Hashem
רַשִׁ״י
ביןBetweenהערבים.the eveningsמִשֵּׁשׁfrom sixשָׁעוֹתhoursוּלְמַעְלָהand upwardsשםthere:
רַשִׁ״י
פסחPesachלה'.to Hashemהַקְרָבַתthe offering ofקָרְבָּןa sacrificeשֶׁשְּׁמוֹwhose name isפֶּסַח:Pesach
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
וּבַחֲמִשָּׁהAnd on the fifthעָשָׂרtenיוֹםdayלַחֹדֶשׁof the monthהַזֶּהthisחַגthe festival ofהַמַּצּוֹתthe matzosלַיהוָהto Hashemשִׁבְעַתsevenיָמִיםdaysמַצּוֹתmatzosתֹּאכֵלוּ׃you shall eat
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
בַּיּוֹםOn the dayהָרִאשׁוֹןthe firstמִקְרָאa proclamation ofקֹדֶשׁholinessיִהְיֶהshall beלָכֶםfor youכָּלanyמְלֶאכֶתwork ofעֲבֹדָהlaborלֹאnotתַעֲשׂוּ׃shall you do
פָּסוּק ה
Pasuk 5
וְהִקְרַבְתֶּםand you shall offerאִשֶּׁהa fire-offeringלַיהוָהto Hashemשִׁבְעַתseven ofיָמִיםdaysבַּיּוֹםon the dayהַשְּׁבִיעִיthe seventhמִקְרָאa convocation ofקֹדֶשׁholinessכָּלanyמְלֶאכֶתmelacha ofעֲבֹדָהlaborלֹאnotתַעֲשׂוּ׃you shall do
רַשִׁ״י
והקרבתםAnd you shall offerאשהa fire-offeringוגו'.etc.הֵםTheyהַמּוּסָפִיןthe additional offeringsהָאֲמוּרִיםthat are statedבְּפָרָשַׁתin the section ofפִּינְחָס,Pinchasוְלָמָּהand whyנֶאֶמְרוּwere they saidכָאן?hereלוֹמַרto sayשֶׁאֵיןthat notהַמּוּסָפִיןthe additional offeringsמְעַכְּבִיןimpedeזֶהthisאֶתזֶה:this
רַשִׁ״י
והקרבתםAnd you shall offerאשהa fire-offeringלה'.to Hashemמִכָּלfrom anyמָקוֹםcircumstanceאִםifאֵיןthere are noפָּרִיםbullocksהָבֵאbringאֵילִים,ramsוְאִםand ifאֵיןthere are noפָּרִיםbullocksוְאֵילִיםand ramsהָבֵאbringכְבָשִׂיםlambsשםthere:
רַשִׁ״י
שבעתSevenימים.daysכָּלeveryמָקוֹםplaceשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרthat it is saidשִׁבְעַתa septet ofשֵׁםa nounדָּבָרof a thingהוּאit isשָׁבוּעַa weekשֶׁלofיָמִים,daysשטי"נאsemaineבְּלַעַז,in foreign tongueוְכֵןand soכָּלeveryלְשׁוֹןexpression ofשְׁמוֹנַתan octet ofשֵׁשֶׁתa sextet ofחֲמֵשֶׁתa quintet ofשְׁלוֹשֶׁת:a triad of
רַשִׁ״י
מלאכתWork ofעבדה.laborאֲפִלּוּevenמְלָאכוֹתlaborsהַחֲשׁוּבוֹתthat are consideredלָכֶםto youעֲבוֹדָהa necessityוְצֹרֶךְand a needשֶׁיֵּשׁthat there isחֶסְרוֹןloss ofכִּיסmoneyבְּבַטָּלָהin the neglectשֶׁלָּהֶןof themכְּגוֹןsuch asדָּבָרa matterהָאָבֵד,that is lostכָּךְthusהֵבַנְתִּיI understoodמִתֹּ"כֹּ,from Toras Kohanimדְּקָתָנֵיas it teachesיָכוֹלI might thinkאַףevenחֻלּוֹthe intermediate daysשֶׁלofמוֹעֵדthe festivalיְהֵאshall beאָסוּרforbiddenבִּמְלֶאכֶתin work ofעֲבוֹדָהlaborוְכוּ':etcetera
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah outlines the transition from the fourteenth of Nissan, when the Pesach offering is brought to Hashem at twilight, to the fifteen of Nissan, which begins the seven-day Chag HaMatzos. The Torah commands us to eat matzah for these seven days, brings the issur of doing melachas avodah on both the first and seventh days of the chag, and commands us to bring fire-offerings to Hashem on each of the seven days.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Torah is mechadesh here a beautiful yesod about the Yomim Tovim. The pasuk says, "asher tikreu osam b'moadam", that these are the sacred times which you, Klal Yisrael, shall designate. Rashi brings down the Chazal that even if we make a mistake, or even if we deliberately adjust the calendar, Hashem says, "These are My moadim." The holiness of the day does not just descend from Shamayim on its own; it is created davka through the speech and the sanctification of Yiddishe lips here on earth.

Think about the depth of this chiddush. We sometimes feel so small, thinking that our daily avodah, our speech, and our actions do not make a real difference in the higher worlds. But the Torah is telling us the exact opposite. Hashem, in His infinite love for us, chose to run His world in a way that makes His holiness dependent on our participation. When you make a berachah, when you sanctify the Shabbos or Yom Tov with your kiddush, you are not just reciting words. You are actually bringing the Shechinah down and creating the kedushah of the day.

This gives us a completely new perspective on how we talk and how we act. If our mouths have the koach to sanctify a Yom Tov for all of creation, then our words carry an unbelievable weight. Every word of Torah we speak, every tefillah we utter, and every warm word of encouragement we give to another Yid has the power to shake worlds and bring down pure kedushah.

Today, when you say a berachah or speak to another person, stop for one second beforehand and remind yourself: Hashem gave my mouth the koach to create kedushah in this world, so let me use this power with real kavannah.

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י — סוכות חג ראשון · שְׁלִישִׁי