Seder Yomi

Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, the Torah presents us with the powerful transition from the sweet brachos of obedience to the terrifying reality of the Tochachah (the Rebuke). We begin with the beautiful promises of what happens when Klal Yisrael listens to the voice of Hashem. The Torah promises that Hashem will crush our enemies, send shefa and berachah into our storehouses, and establish us as a holy nation elevated above all the peoples of the world. We are promised rain in its proper time and that we will be the head and not the tail, lending to others while never needing to borrow.

But then, the Torah turns to the chilling warnings of what happens, chas v'shalom, if we turn away from the mitzvos. This section begins the heavy, painful list of curses that will overtake the nation if we fail to heed Hashem's word. The Torah warns of failure in the city and the field, disease, drought, defeat before our enemies, and the devastating loss of our children and our livelihood to foreign oppressors.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.

פָּסוּק א

Pasuk 1

יִתֵּןWill deliverיְהוָהHashemאֶת—אֹיְבֶיךָyour enemiesהַקָּמִיםwho rise upעָלֶיךָagainst youנִגָּפִיםdefeatedלְפָנֶיךָbefore youבְּדֶרֶךְby wayאֶחָדoneיֵצְאוּthey will go outאֵלֶיךָagainst youוּבְשִׁבְעָהand by sevenדְרָכִיםwaysיָנוּסוּthey will fleeלְפָנֶיךָ׃before you

רַשִׁ״י

ובשבעהand in sevenדרכיםwaysינוסוthey shall fleeלפניך.before youכֵּןsoדֶּרֶךְis the way ofהַנִּבְהָלִיםthose who panicלִבְרֹחַ,to fleeמִתְפַּזְּרִיןthey scatterלְכָלto everyצַד:direction

פָּסוּק ב

Pasuk 2

יְצַוWill commandיְהוָהHashemאִתְּךָwith youאֶת—הַבְּרָכָהthe blessingבַּאֲסָמֶיךָin your storehousesוּבְכֹלand in allמִשְׁלַחthe sending ofיָדֶךָyour handוּבֵרַכְךָand He will bless youבָּאָרֶץin the landאֲשֶׁרthatיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godנֹתֵןis givingלָךְ׃to you

פָּסוּק ג

Pasuk 3

יְקִימְךָHe will establish youיְהוָהHashemלוֹfor Himselfלְעַםas a nationקָדוֹשׁholyכַּאֲשֶׁרasנִשְׁבַּעHe sworeלָךְto youכִּיifתִשְׁמֹרyou will keepאֶת—מִצְוֺתthe commandments ofיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godוְהָלַכְתָּand you walkבִּדְרָכָיו׃in His ways

פָּסוּק ד

Pasuk 4

וְרָאוּAnd they shall seeכָּלallעַמֵּיthe peoples ofהָאָרֶץthe earthכִּיthatשֵׁםthe name ofיְהוָהHashemנִקְרָאis calledעָלֶיךָupon youוְיָרְאוּand they shall fearמִמֶּךָּ׃from you

פָּסוּק ה

Pasuk 5

וְהוֹתִרְךָAnd He will make you abundantיְהוָהHashemלְטוֹבָהfor goodבִּפְרִיin the fruit ofבִטְנְךָyour wombוּבִפְרִיand in the fruit ofבְהַמְתְּךָyour cattleוּבִפְרִיand in the fruit ofאַדְמָתֶךָyour groundעַלuponהָאֲדָמָהthe landאֲשֶׁרwhichנִשְׁבַּעsworeיְהוָהHashemלַאֲבֹתֶיךָto your fathersלָתֶתto giveלָךְ׃to you

פָּסוּק ו

Pasuk 6

יִפְתַּחWill openיְהוָהHashemלְךָfor youאֶת—אוֹצָרוֹHis storehouseהַטּוֹבthe goodאֶת—הַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensלָתֵתto giveמְטַרthe rain ofאַרְצְךָyour landבְּעִתּוֹin its seasonוּלְבָרֵךְand to blessאֵת—כָּלallמַעֲשֵׂהthe work ofיָדֶךָyour handוְהִלְוִיתָand you will lendגּוֹיִםnationsרַבִּיםmanyוְאַתָּהbut youלֹאwill notתִלְוֶה׃borrow

פָּסוּק ז

Pasuk 7

וּנְתָנְךָAnd Hashem will make youיְהוָהHashemלְרֹאשׁfor a headוְלֹאand notלְזָנָבfor a tailוְהָיִיתָand you will beרַקonlyלְמַעְלָהaboveוְלֹאand notתִהְיֶהwill you beלְמָטָּהbelowכִּיifתִשְׁמַעyou will listenאֶלtoמִצְוֺתthe commandments ofיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour GodאֲשֶׁרwhichאָנֹכִיIמְצַוְּךָcommand youהַיּוֹםtodayלִשְׁמֹרto keepוְלַעֲשׂוֹת׃and to perform

פָּסוּק ח

Pasuk 8

וְלֹאand do notתָסוּרdeviateמִכָּלfrom allהַדְּבָרִיםthe wordsאֲשֶׁרthatאָנֹכִיIמְצַוֶּהcommandאֶתְכֶםyouהַיּוֹםtodayיָמִיןrightוּשְׂמֹאולor leftלָלֶכֶתto goאַחֲרֵיafterאֱלֹהִיםgodsאֲחֵרִיםotherלְעָבְדָם׃to serve them

פָּסוּק ט

Pasuk 9

וְהָיָהAnd it shall beאִםifלֹאnotתִשְׁמַעyou will hearkenבְּקוֹלto the voice ofיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godלִשְׁמֹרto observeלַעֲשׂוֹתto performאֶת—כָּלall ofמִצְוֺתָיוHis commandmentsוְחֻקֹּתָיוand His statutesאֲשֶׁרwhichאָנֹכִיIמְצַוְּךָcommand youהַיּוֹםtodayוּבָאוּand there shall comeעָלֶיךָupon youכָּלall ofהַקְּלָלוֹתthe cursesהָאֵלֶּהtheseוְהִשִּׂיגוּךָ׃and overtake you

פָּסוּק י

Pasuk 10

אָרוּרCursedאַתָּהshall you beבָּעִירin the cityוְאָרוּרand cursedאַתָּהshall you beבַּשָּׂדֶה׃in the field

פָּסוּק יא

Pasuk 11

אָרוּרCursedטַנְאֲךָshall be your basketוּמִשְׁאַרְתֶּךָ׃and your kneading bowl

פָּסוּק יב

Pasuk 12

אָרוּרCursedפְּרִיshall be the fruit ofבִטְנְךָyour wombוּפְרִיand the fruit ofאַדְמָתֶךָyour groundשְׁגַרthe offspring ofאֲלָפֶיךָyour cattleוְעַשְׁתְּרוֹתand the flocks ofצֹאנֶךָ׃your sheep

פָּסוּק יג

Pasuk 13

אָרוּרCursedאַתָּהshall you beבְּבֹאֶךָin your comingוְאָרוּרand cursedאַתָּהshall you beבְּצֵאתֶךָ׃in your going

פָּסוּק יד

Pasuk 14

יְשַׁלַּחWill sendיְהוָהHashemבְּךָagainst youאֶת—הַמְּאֵרָהthe curseאֶת—הַמְּהוּמָהthe confusionוְאֶתand —הַמִּגְעֶרֶתthe rebukeבְּכָלin allמִשְׁלַחthe undertaking ofיָדְךָyour handאֲשֶׁרwhichתַּעֲשֶׂהyou will doעַדuntilהִשָּׁמֶדְךָyour destructionוְעַדand untilאֲבָדְךָyour perishingמַהֵרquicklyמִפְּנֵיbecause ofרֹעַthe evil ofמַעֲלָלֶיךָyour deedsאֲשֶׁרthatעֲזַבְתָּנִי׃you have forsaken Me

רַשִׁ״י

המארה.The curseחִסָּרוֹן,paucityכְּמוֹlike"צָרַעַתleprosyמַמְאֶרֶת"frettingויקראVayikraי"ג13:

רַשִׁ״י

המהומה.The confusionשִׁגּוּשׁ,a terrifying soundקוֹלa sound ofבֶּהָלוֹת:panic

פָּסוּק טו

Pasuk 15

יַדְבֵּקwill make clingיְהוָהHashemבְּךָto youאֶת—הַדָּבֶרthe pestilenceעַדuntilכַּלֹּתוֹHis destroyingאֹתְךָyouמֵעַלfrom uponהָאֲדָמָהthe landאֲשֶׁרthatאַתָּהyouבָאare comingשָׁמָּהthereלְרִשְׁתָּהּ׃to possess it

פָּסוּק טז

Pasuk 16

יַכְּכָהHashem will strike youיְהוָהHashemבַּשַּׁחֶפֶתwith consumptionוּבַקַּדַּחַתand with feverוּבַדַּלֶּקֶתand with inflammationוּבַחַרְחֻרand with scorching heatוּבַחֶרֶבand with droughtוּבַשִּׁדָּפוֹןand with blightוּבַיֵּרָקוֹןand with mildewוּרְדָפוּךָand they shall pursue youעַדuntilאָבְדֶךָ׃your perishing

רַשִׁ״י

בשחפת.With consumptionשֶׁבְּשָׂרוֹthat his fleshנִשְׁחָףis worn awayוְנָפוּחַ:and swollen

רַשִׁ״י

ובקדחת.And with feverלְשׁוֹןan expression of"כִּי"Forאֵשׁa fireקָדְחָהburnsבְאַפִּי"in My nostrils"דבריםDevarimל"ב32,וְהוּאand it isאֵשׁthe heatשֶׁלofחוֹלִים,sick peopleמלו"ויmal du feuבְּלַעַז,in old Frenchשֶׁהִיאwhich isחַמָּהhotמְאֹד:very

רַשִׁ״י

ובדלקת.And with inflammationחַמָּהhotיוֹתֵרmoreמִקַּדַּחַת,than feverוּמִינֵיand types ofחֳלָאִיםillnessesהֵם:they are

רַשִׁ״י

ובחרחר.And with feverחֹלִיan illnessהַמְחַמְמוֹthat heats himתּוֹךְinsideהַגּוּףthe bodyוְצָמֵאand he thirstsתָּמִידcontinuallyלַמַּיִם,for waterוּבְלַעַזand in foreign tongueאישטרד"ימנט,astrandementלְשׁוֹןan expression of"וְעַצְמִיand my boneחָרָהis burnedמִנִּיfromחֹרֶב"heatאיובIyovל'chapter 30"נָחַרis burnedמַפֻּחַthe bellowsמֵאֵשׁ"from fireירמיהוYirmeyahuו'chapter 6:

רַשִׁ״י

ובחרב.and with the swordיָבִיאHe will bringעָלֶיךְupon youגְּיָסוֹת:troops

רַשִׁ״י

ובשדפוןand with blastingובירקון.and with mildewמַכַּתa plague ofתְּבוּאָהgrainשֶׁבַּשָּׂדוֹת:which is in the fields

רַשִׁ״י

שדפון.Shidafonרוּחַis a wind ofקָדִים,eastאשלי"דהasleideבְּלַעַז:in foreign tongue

רַשִׁ״י

ירקון.Droughtיֹבֶשׁ,drynessוּפְנֵיand the surface ofהַתְּבוּאָהthe grainמַכְסִיפִיןbecomes paleוְנֶהְפָּכִיןand turnsלְיֵרָקוֹן,to yellowקמ"אchameנ"א·—קרו"א·בְּלַעַז:in foreign tongue

רַשִׁ״י

עדUntilאבדך.your perishingתַּרְגּוּםthe Targum renders"עַד"untilדְּתֵיבָד",you perish"כְּלוֹמַרmeaningעַדuntilאֲבֹדthe perishing ofאוֹתְךָyourself—שֶׁתִּכְלֶהthat you will endמֵאֵלֶיךָ:on your own

פָּסוּק יז

Pasuk 17

וְהָיוּand they shall beשָׁמֶיךָyour heavensאֲשֶׁרthatעַלaboveרֹאשְׁךָyour headנְחֹשֶׁתcopperוְהָאָרֶץand the earthאֲשֶׁרthatתַּחְתֶּיךָunder youבַּרְזֶל׃iron

רַשִׁ״י

והיוAnd shall beשמיךyour heavenאשרwhichעלis overראשךyour headנחשת.copperקְלָלוֹתcursesהַלָּלוּtheseמֹשֶׁהMosheמִפִּיfrom the mouth ofעַצְמוֹhimselfאֲמָרָן,said themוְשֶׁבְּהַרand those on MountסִינַיSinaiמִפִּיfrom the mouth ofהַקָּבָּ"הthe Holy One Blessed Be Heאֲמָרָן,said themכְּמַשְׁמָעָן,as implied by themוְכֵןand soנֶאֱמַרit is saidויקראVayikraכ"ו26"וְאִםAnd ifלֹאnotתִשְׁמְעוּyou will hearkenלִיto Me…וְאִםand ifתֵּלְכוּyou walkעִמִּיwith Meקֶרִי",contraryוְכָאןand hereהוּאheאוֹמֵרsays"בְּקוֹלto the voice ofה'Hashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour God…יַדְבֵּקwill make cleaveה'Hashemבְּךָto you…יַכְּכָהwill smite youה'",Hashemהֵקֵלwas milderמֹשֶׁהMosheבְקִלְלוֹתָיוin his cursesלְאָמְרָןto say themבִּלְשׁוֹןin the language ofיָחִיד.singularוְגַםand alsoכֵּןsoבִּקְלָלָהin the curseזוֹthisהֵקֵל,he was milderשֶׁבָּרִאשׁוֹנוֹתfor in the first onesהוּאHeאוֹמֵרsays"אֶת—שְׁמֵיכֶםyour heavenכַּבַּרְזֶלas ironוְאֶתand —אַרְצְכֶםyour earthכַּנְּחֻשָּׁה"as copper—שֶׁלֹּאthat notיִהְיוּwill beהַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensמַזִּיעִיןsweatingכְּדֶרֶךְjust asשֶׁאֵיןthat notהַבַּרְזֶלironמַזִּיעַsweatsוּמִתּוֹךְand because ofכָּךְthisיְהִיthere will beחֹרֶבdroughtבָּעוֹלָםin the worldוְהָאָרֶץand the earthתְּהִיwill beמַזַּעַתsweatingכְּדֶרֶךְjust asשֶׁהַנְּחֹשֶׁתthat copperמַזִּיעַsweatsוְהִיאand itמַרְקֶבֶתrotsפֵּרוֹתֶיהָ,its fruitsוְכָאןand hereהוּאheאוֹמֵרsays"שָׁמֶיךָyour heavenנְחֹשֶׁתcopperוְאַרְצְךָand your earthבַּרְזֶל"iron—שֶׁיִהְיוּthat will beשָׁמַיִםheavensמַזִּיעִין,sweatingאַעַ"פִּevenשֶׁלֹּאthough notיָרִיקוּthey will pourמָטָר,rainמִכָּלfrom anyמָקוֹםplaceלֹאnotיִהְיֶהwill there beחֹרֶבdroughtשֶׁלofאֲבַדּוֹןruinבָּעוֹלָם,in the worldוְהָאָרֶץand the earthלֹאnotתִהְיֶהwill beמַזִּיעָה,sweatingכְּדֶרֶךְjust asשֶׁאֵיןthat notהַבַּרְזֶלironמַזִּיעַ,sweatsוְאֵיןand notהַפֵּרוֹתthe fruitsמַרְקִיבִין,will rotוּמִכָּלand from anyמָקוֹםplaceקְלָלָהa curseהִיא,it isבֵּיןwhetherשֶׁהִיאthat it isכַּנְּחֹשֶׁתas copperבֵּיןwhetherשֶׁהִיאthat it isכַבַּרְזֶלas ironלֹאnotתוֹצִיאwill it produceפֵּרוֹת,fruitsוְכֵןand soהַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensלֹאnotיָרִיקוּwill pourמָטָרrainספראSifraויקראVayikraכ"ו26:

פָּסוּק יח

Pasuk 18

יִתֵּןWill makeיְהוָהHashemאֶת—מְטַרthe rain ofאַרְצְךָyour landאָבָקdustוְעָפָרand sandמִןfromהַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensיֵרֵדit shall descendעָלֶיךָupon youעַדuntilהִשָּׁמְדָךְ׃your destruction

רַשִׁ״י

מטרThe rain ofארצךyour landאבקpowderועפר.and dust"זִיקָאa windדְבָתַרthat is afterמִטְרָא",the rainמָטָרrainיוֹרֵדdescendsוְלֹאbut notכָלall ofצָרְכּוֹ,its needוְאֵיןand there is notבּוֹin itכְּדֵיenoughלְהַרְבִּיץto layאֶת—הֶעָפָר,the dustוְהָרוּחַand the windבָּאָהcomesוּמַעֲלָהand raisesאֶת—הָאָבָקthe powderוּמְכַסֶּהand coversאֶת—עֵשֶׂבthe herb ofהַזְּרָעִיםthe cropsשֶׁהֵםwhich theyלַחִיםare wetמִןfromהַמַּיִםthe waterוְנִדְבָּקand it sticksבָּהֶם,to themוְנַעֲשֶׂהand becomesטִיטmudוּמִתְיַבֵּשׁand driesוּמַרְקִיבִיןand they rotתעניתTaanisג'3:

פָּסוּק יט

Pasuk 19

יִתֶּנְךָWill deliver youיְהוָהHashemנִגָּףsmittenלִפְנֵיbeforeאֹיְבֶיךָyour enemiesבְּדֶרֶךְby wayאֶחָדoneתֵּצֵאyou will go outאֵלָיוagainst themוּבְשִׁבְעָהand by sevenדְרָכִיםwaysתָּנוּסyou will fleeלְפָנָיוbefore themוְהָיִיתָand you will beלְזַעֲוָהfor a shockלְכֹלto allמַמְלְכוֹתthe kingdoms ofהָאָרֶץ׃the earth

רַשִׁ״י

לזעוה.For a terrorלְאֵימָהfor dreadוּלְזִיעַ,and for tremblingשֶׁיָּזוּעוּthat they will trembleכָּלallשׁוֹמְעֵיwho hear ofמַכּוֹתֶיךָyour blowsמִמְּךָfrom youוְיֹאמְרוּand they will say"אוֹי"Woeלָנוּto usשֶׁלֹּאthat notיָבֹאthere should comeעָלֵינוּupon usכְּדֶרֶךְin the mannerשֶׁבָּאthat it cameעַלuponאֵלּוּ":these"

פָּסוּק כ

Pasuk 20

וְהָיְתָהAnd shall beנִבְלָתְךָyour carcassלְמַאֲכָלfor foodלְכָלto allעוֹףbirds ofהַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensוּלְבֶהֱמַתand to beasts ofהָאָרֶץthe earthוְאֵיןand there is noneמַחֲרִיד׃to frighten

פָּסוּק כא

Pasuk 21

יַכְּכָהwill strike youיְהוָהHashemבִּשְׁחִיןwith the inflammation ofמִצְרַיִםMitzrayimובעפליםand with hemorrhoidsוּבַטְּחֹרִיםand with hemorrhoidsוּבַגָּרָבand with boil-scarsוּבֶחָרֶסand with itchאֲשֶׁרthatלֹאnotתוּכַלyou will be ableלְהֵרָפֵא׃to be healed

רַשִׁ״י

בשחיןWith the boil ofמצרים.Mitzrayimרַעbadהָיָהit wasמְאֹד,veryלַחwetמִבִּפְנִיםfrom withinוְיָבֵשׁand dryמִבַּחוּץ,from withoutכִּדְאִיתָאas it isבִּבְכוֹרוֹתin Bechorotדףdafמ"א41a:

רַשִׁ״י

גרב.Garavשְׁחִיןis a boilלַח:wet

רַשִׁ״י

חרס.Cheresשְׁחִיןis a boilיָבֵשׁdryכַּחֶרֶס:like a potsherd

פָּסוּק כב

Pasuk 22

יַכְּכָהWill strike youיְהוָהHashemבְּשִׁגָּעוֹןwith madnessוּבְעִוָּרוֹןand with blindnessוּבְתִמְהוֹןand with dismay ofלֵבָב׃heart

רַשִׁ״י

ובתמהוןAnd with confusionלבב.of heartאֹטֶםclogging ofהַלֵּב,the heartאשטור"דישוןetourdisonבְּלַעַז:in foreign tongue

פָּסוּק כג

Pasuk 23

וְהָיִיתָand you will beמְמַשֵּׁשׁgropingבַּצָּהֳרַיִםat noonכַּאֲשֶׁרjust asיְמַשֵּׁשׁgropesהָעִוֵּרthe blind manבָּאֲפֵלָהin the darknessוְלֹאand notתַצְלִיחַyou will succeed inאֶת—דְּרָכֶיךָyour waysוְהָיִיתָand you will beאַךְonlyעָשׁוּקoppressedוְגָזוּלand robbedכָּלallהַיָּמִיםthe daysוְאֵיןand there is noneמוֹשִׁיעַ׃who saves

רַשִׁ״י

עשוק.wrongedבְּכָלagainst all ofמַעֲשֶׂיךָyour actionsיִהְיֶהthere will beעִרְעוּר:dispute

פָּסוּק כד

Pasuk 24

אִשָּׁהA wifeתְאָרֵשׂyou will betrothוְאִישׁand a manאַחֵרanotherישגלנהwill ravish herיִשְׁכָּבֶנָּהwill lie with herבַּיִתA houseתִּבְנֶהyou will buildוְלֹאbut notתֵשֵׁבwill you dwellבּוֹin itכֶּרֶםA vineyardתִּטַּעyou will plantוְלֹאbut notתְחַלְּלֶּנּוּ׃will you redeem it

רַשִׁ״י

ישגלנה.yishgalenahלְשׁוֹןis an expression ofשֵׁגַל,shegalפִּלֶגֶשׁ,a concubineוְהַכָּתוּבand the Scriptureכִּנָּהוּsubstituted itלְשֶׁבַחfor praiseישכבנהyishkavenah,וְתִקּוּןand an emendation ofסוֹפְרִיםthe Scribesהוּאitזֶה:is

רַשִׁ״י

תחללנו.you shall redeem itבַּשָּׁנָהin the yearהָרְבִיעִיתthe fourthלֶאֱכֹלto eatפִּרְיוֹits fruitמגילהMegillahכ"ה25:

פָּסוּק כה

Pasuk 25

שׁוֹרְךָYour oxטָבוּחַshall be slaughteredלְעֵינֶיךָbefore your eyesוְלֹאand notתֹאכַלshall you eatמִמֶּנּוּfrom itחֲמֹרְךָyour donkeyגָּזוּלshall be seizedמִלְּפָנֶיךָfrom before youוְלֹאand notיָשׁוּבshall it returnלָךְto youצֹאנְךָyour flockנְתֻנוֹתshall be givenלְאֹיְבֶיךָto your enemiesוְאֵיןand there is noneלְךָfor youמוֹשִׁיעַ׃to save

פָּסוּק כו

Pasuk 26

בָּנֶיךָYour sonsוּבְנֹתֶיךָand your daughtersנְתֻנִיםwill be givenלְעַםto a nationאַחֵרanotherוְעֵינֶיךָand your eyesרֹאוֹתwill seeוְכָלוֹתand pineאֲלֵיהֶםfor themכָּלallהַיּוֹםthe dayוְאֵיןand there is notלְאֵלto the power ofיָדֶךָ׃your hand

רַשִׁ״י

וכלותand longingאליהם.for themמְצַפּוֹתlooking expectantlyאֲלֵיהֶםfor themשֶׁיָּשׁוּבוּthat they should returnוְאֵינָםbut they are notשָׁבִים;returningכָּלanyתּוֹחֶלֶתhopeשֶׁאֵינָהּthat does notבָּאָהcomeקְרוּיָהis calledכִּלְיוֹןa failing ofעֵינַיִם:eyes

פָּסוּק כז

Pasuk 27

פְּרִיThe fruit ofאַדְמָתְךָyour groundוְכָלand allיְגִיעֲךָyour laborיֹאכַלshall eatעַםa nationאֲשֶׁרthatלֹאnotיָדָעְתָּyou knewוְהָיִיתָand you shall beרַקonlyעָשׁוּקoppressedוְרָצוּץand crushedכָּלallהַיָּמִים׃the days

פָּסוּק כח

Pasuk 28

וְהָיִיתָand you will beמְשֻׁגָּעdriven madמִמַּרְאֵהfrom the sight ofעֵינֶיךָyour eyesאֲשֶׁרthatתִּרְאֶה׃you will see

פָּסוּק כט

Pasuk 29

יַכְּכָהwill strike youיְהוָהHashemבִּשְׁחִיןwith a boilרָעsevereעַלuponהַבִּרְכַּיִםthe kneesוְעַלand uponהַשֹּׁקַיִםthe thighsאֲשֶׁרwhichלֹאnotתוּכַלyou will be ableלְהֵרָפֵאto be healedמִכַּףfrom the sole ofרַגְלְךָyour footוְעַדand untilקָדְקֳדֶךָ׃the crown of your head

פָּסוּק ל

Pasuk 30

יוֹלֵךְwill leadיְהוָהHashemאֹתְךָyouוְאֶתand —מַלְכְּךָyour kingאֲשֶׁרwhomתָּקִיםyou will establishעָלֶיךָover youאֶלtoגּוֹיa nationאֲשֶׁרthatלֹאnotיָדַעְתָּyou knewאַתָּהyouוַאֲבֹתֶיךָand your fathersוְעָבַדְתָּand you will serveשָּׁםthereאֱלֹהִיםgodsאֲחֵרִיםothersעֵץwoodוָאָבֶן׃and stone

פָּסוּק לא

Pasuk 31

וְהָיִיתָand you shall beלְשַׁמָּהfor a consternationלְמָשָׁלfor a proverbוְלִשְׁנִינָהand for a bywordבְּכֹלamong allהָעַמִּיםthe peoplesאֲשֶׁרwhomיְנַהֶגְךָwill drive youיְהוָהHashemשָׁמָּה׃there

רַשִׁ״י

לשמה.for an astonishmentכְּמוֹlikeתִּמָּהוֹן,wondermentאש"וthat isאשטורדישו"ן,estourdissementכָּלeveryoneהָרוֹאֶהwho seesאוֹתְךָyouיִשֹּׁםwill be astonishedעָלֶיךָ:over you

רַשִׁ״י

למשל.For a proverbכְּשֶׁתָּבֹאwhen there comesמַכָּהa blowרָעָהevilעַלuponאָדָםa manיֹאמְרוּthey will sayזוֹthisדוֹמָהis similarלְמַכַּתto the blow ofפְּלוֹנִי:so-and-so

רַשִׁ״י

ולשנינה.And for a bywordלְשׁוֹןis an expression of"וְשִׁנַּנְתָּם"and you shall teach themדבריםDevarimו'6,יְדַבְּרוּthey will speakבְךָ,about youוְכֵןand likewiseתַּרְגּוּמוֹits Targum translation is"וּלְשׁוֹעֵי",and for talkingלְשׁוֹןan expression ofסִפּוּרrelatingוְאִשְׁתָּעִי:and he related

פָּסוּק לב

Pasuk 32

זֶרַעSeedרַבmuchתּוֹצִיאyou shall take outהַשָּׂדֶהto the fieldוּמְעַטbut littleתֶּאֱסֹףyou shall gather inכִּיforיַחְסְלֶנּוּshall consume itהָאַרְבֶּה׃the locust

רַשִׁ״י

יחסלנו.will crop itיְכַלֶּנּוּ,will consume itוְעַלand onשֵׁםaccount ofכָּךְthisנִקְרָאit is calledחָסִיל,chasilשֶׁמְּכַלֶּהbecause it consumesאֶת—הַכֹּל:everything

פָּסוּק לג

Pasuk 33

כְּרָמִיםVineyardsתִּטַּעyou shall plantוְעָבָדְתָּand you shall tillוְיַיִןand wineלֹאnotתִשְׁתֶּהyou shall drinkוְלֹאand notתֶאֱגֹרyou shall gatherכִּיforתֹאכְלֶנּוּshall devour itהַתֹּלָעַת׃the worm

פָּסוּק לד

Pasuk 34

זֵיתִיםolive treesיִהְיוּthere shall beלְךָto youבְּכָלin all ofגְּבוּלֶךָyour territoryוְשֶׁמֶןbut oilלֹאyou shall notתָסוּךְanointכִּיforיִשַּׁלshall drop offזֵיתֶךָ׃your olives

רַשִׁ״י

ישל.shall cast offיַשִּׁירit shall dropפֵּרוֹתָיו,its fruitsלְשׁוֹןan expression ofוְנָשַׁלand slips offהַבַּרְזֶלthe ironדבריםDevarimי"ט19:

פָּסוּק לה

Pasuk 35

בָּנִיםSonsוּבָנוֹתand daughtersתּוֹלִידyou will begetוְלֹאbut notיִהְיוּthey will beלָךְyoursכִּיforיֵלְכוּthey will goבַּשֶּׁבִי׃into captivity

פָּסוּק לו

Pasuk 36

כָּלAll ofעֵצְךָyour treesוּפְרִיand the fruit ofאַדְמָתֶךָyour landיְיָרֵשׁshall take overהַצְּלָצַל׃the cricket

רַשִׁ״י

יירשwill impoverishהצלצל.the locustיַעֲשֶׂנּוּwill make itהָאַרְבֶּהthe locustרָשׁpoorמִןofהַפְּרִי:the fruit

רַשִׁ״י

יירש.it will impoverishיַעֲנִי:it will make poor

רַשִׁ״י

צלצל.Tziltzalמִיןis a species ofאַרְבֶּה.locustוְאִיand it is impossibleאֶפְשָׁר·לְפָרֵשׁto explainיְיָרֵשׁyeyareishלְשׁוֹןas an expression ofיְרֻשָּׁה,inheritanceשֶׁאִםfor ifכֵּןsoהָיָהit should haveלוֹ·לִכְתֹּבwritten"יִירַשׁ",yirashוְלֹאand notלְשׁוֹןas an expression ofהוֹרָשָׁהdriving outוְגֵרוּשִׁין,and expellingשֶׁאִםfor ifכֵּןsoהָיָהit should haveלוֹ·לִכְתֹּבwritten"יוֹרִישׁ":yorish

פָּסוּק לז

Pasuk 37

הַגֵּרThe strangerאֲשֶׁרwho isבְּקִרְבְּךָin your midstיַעֲלֶהshall riseעָלֶיךָabove youמַעְלָהhigherמָּעְלָהand higherוְאַתָּהwhile youתֵרֵדshall sinkמַטָּהlowerמָּטָּה׃and lower

פָּסוּק לח

Pasuk 38

הוּאheיַלְוְךָwill lend to youוְאַתָּהand youלֹאwill notתַלְוֶנּוּlend to himהוּאheיִהְיֶהwill beלְרֹאשׁfor a headוְאַתָּהand youתִּהְיֶהwill beלְזָנָב׃for a tail

פָּסוּק לט

Pasuk 39

וּבָאוּand they shall comeעָלֶיךָupon youכָּלall ofהַקְּלָלוֹתthe cursesהָאֵלֶּהtheseוּרְדָפוּךָand they shall pursue youוְהִשִּׂיגוּךָand they shall overtake youעַדuntilהִשָּׁמְדָךְyour destructionכִּיbecauseלֹאnotשָׁמַעְתָּyou listenedבְּקוֹלto the voice ofיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godלִשְׁמֹרto keepמִצְוֺתָיוHis commandmentsוְחֻקֹּתָיוand His statutesאֲשֶׁרwhichצִוָּךְ׃He commanded you

פָּסוּק מ

Pasuk 40

וְהָיוּAnd they shall beבְךָupon youלְאוֹתfor a signוּלְמוֹפֵתand for a wonderוּבְזַרְעֲךָand upon your offspringעַדuntilעוֹלָם׃eternity

פָּסוּק מא

Pasuk 41

תַּחַתBecauseאֲשֶׁרthatלֹאnotעָבַדְתָּyou servedאֶת—יְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godבְּשִׂמְחָהwith joyוּבְטוּבand with goodness ofלֵבָבheartמֵרֹבfrom an abundance ofכֹּל׃everything

רַשִׁ״י

מרבFrom the abundance ofכל.allבְּעוֹדwhileשֶׁהָיָהthere wasלְךָto youכָּלallטוּב:goodness

פָּסוּק מב

Pasuk 42

וְעָבַדְתָּand you shall serveאֶת—אֹיְבֶיךָyour enemiesאֲשֶׁרwhomיְשַׁלְּחֶנּוּHe will send himיְהוָהHashemבָּךְagainst youבְּרָעָבin hungerוּבְצָמָאand in thirstוּבְעֵירֹםand in nakednessוּבְחֹסֶרand in lack ofכֹּלeverythingוְנָתַןand He will placeעֹלa yoke ofבַּרְזֶלironעַלuponצַוָּארֶךָyour neckעַדuntilהִשְׁמִידוֹHis destroyingאֹתָךְ׃you

פָּסוּק מג

Pasuk 43

יִשָּׂאWill bringיְהוָהHashemעָלֶיךָagainst youגּוֹיa nationמֵרָחוֹקfrom afarמִקְצֵהfrom the end ofהָאָרֶץthe earthכַּאֲשֶׁרasיִדְאֶהswoopsהַנָּשֶׁרthe eagleגּוֹיa nationאֲשֶׁרwhoseלֹאnotתִשְׁמַעyou will understandלְשֹׁנוֹ׃its language

רַשִׁ״י

כאשרasידאהswoops downהנשר.the eagleפִּתְאֹםsuddenlyוְדַרְכּוֹand its wayמַצְלַחַתis successfulוְיֵקַלּוּand will be swiftסוּסָיו:its horses

רַשִׁ״י

לאnotתשמעyou shall understandלשנו.its tongueלֹאnotתַכִּירyou will recognizeלְשׁוֹנוֹ,its tongueוְכֵןand so"תִּשְׁמַעyou understandחֲלוֹםa dreamלִפְתֹּרto interpretאֹתוֹ"itבראשיתBereishisמ"א41,וְכֵןand so"כִּיthatשֹׁמֵעַunderstoodיוֹסֵף"Yosefשםthereמ"ב42,אינטינד"רי:entendre

פָּסוּק מד

Pasuk 44

גּוֹיa nationעַזbrazenפָּנִיםof faceאֲשֶׁרwhichלֹאwill notיִשָּׂאshowפָנִיםfavorלְזָקֵןto an elderוְנַעַרand a youthלֹאwill notיָחֹן׃pity

פָּסוּק מה

Pasuk 45

וְאָכַלAnd it shall eatפְּרִיthe fruit ofבְהֶמְתְּךָyour animalוּפְרִיand the fruit ofאַדְמָתְךָyour landעַדuntilהִשָּׁמְדָךְyour destructionאֲשֶׁרwhichלֹאnotיַשְׁאִירit will leaveלְךָto youדָּגָןgrainתִּירוֹשׁwineוְיִצְהָרand oilשְׁגַרthe offspring ofאֲלָפֶיךָyour cattleוְעַשְׁתְּרֹתand the herds ofצֹאנֶךָyour sheepעַדuntilהַאֲבִידוֹits destroyingאֹתָךְ׃you

פָּסוּק מו

Pasuk 46

וְהֵצַרAnd it shall besiegeלְךָyouבְּכָלin allשְׁעָרֶיךָyour gatesעַדuntilרֶדֶתthe coming down ofחֹמֹתֶיךָyour wallsהַגְּבֹהוֹתthe highוְהַבְּצֻרוֹתand the fortifiedאֲשֶׁרwhichאַתָּהyouבֹּטֵחַtrustבָּהֵןin themבְּכָלin allאַרְצֶךָyour landוְהֵצַרand it shall besiegeלְךָyouבְּכָלin allשְׁעָרֶיךָyour gatesבְּכָלin allאַרְצְךָyour landאֲשֶׁרwhichנָתַןhas givenיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godלָךְ׃to you

רַשִׁ״י

עדUntilרדתthe subjugation ofחמתיך.your wrathלְשׁוֹןan expression ofרִדּוּיsubjugationוְכִבּוּשׁ:and conquest

פָּסוּק מז

Pasuk 47

וְאָכַלְתָּAnd you shall eatפְרִיthe fruit ofבִטְנְךָyour wombבְּשַׂרthe flesh ofבָּנֶיךָyour sonsוּבְנֹתֶיךָand your daughtersאֲשֶׁרwhomנָתַןhas givenלְךָto youיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָyour Godבְּמָצוֹרin the siegeוּבְמָצוֹקand in the distressאֲשֶׁרwith whichיָצִיקshall distressלְךָyouאֹיְבֶךָ׃your enemy

רַשִׁ״י

ואכלתAnd you shall eat…בשרthe flesh ofבניךyour sons…במצור.in the siegeמֵחֲמַתbecauseשֶׁיִּהְיוּthat they will beצָרִיםbesiegingעַל·הָעִירthe cityוְיִהְיֶהand there will beשָׁםthereמָצוֹק,distressעֲקַתthe pressure ofרְעָבוֹן:famine

פָּסוּק מח

Pasuk 48

הָאִישׁThe manהָרַךְwho is tenderבְּךָamong youוְהֶעָנֹגand the fastidiousמְאֹדextremelyתֵּרַעwill be meanעֵינוֹhis eyeבְאָחִיוagainst his brotherוּבְאֵשֶׁתand against the wife ofחֵיקוֹhis bosomוּבְיֶתֶרand against the remnant ofבָּנָיוhis childrenאֲשֶׁרwhomיוֹתִיר׃he leaves over

רַשִׁ״י

הרךThe tenderבךamong youוהענג.and the delicateהוּאheהָרַךְthe tenderהוּאhe isהֶעָנֹגthe delicate—לְשׁוֹןan expression ofפִּנּוּק,pamperingוּמֵהִתְעַנֵּגand from delicatenessוּמֵרֹךְand from tendernessמוֹכִיחַprovesעֲלֵיהֶםregarding themשֶׁשְּׁנֵיהֶםthat both of themאֶחָד;are oneאַעַ"פִּeven thoughשֶׁהוּאthat he isמְפֻנָּקpamperedוְדַעְתּוֹand his mindקָצָהis disgustedבְּדָבָרby a thingמָאוּס,loathsomeיִמְתַּקit will be sweetלוֹto himלְרַעֲבוֹנוֹfor his hungerבְּשַׂרthe flesh ofבָּנָיוhis sonsוּבְנוֹתָיו,and his daughtersעַדuntilכִּיthatתרעwill be evilעינוhis eyeבְּבָנָיוagainst his childrenהַנּוֹתָרִיםwho remainמתתfrom givingלאחדto oneמהםof themמבשרfrom the flesh ofבניוhis childrenאֲחֵיהֶםtheir brothersאשרwhomיאכל.he will eatדָּ"אַanother explanation—הרךthe tenderבךamong you,הָרַחֲמָנִיthe mercifulוְרַךְand tenderהַלֵּבָבof heartמֵרֹבfrom the abundance ofרַעֲבָנוּתhungerיִתְאַכְזְרוּthey will become cruelוְלֹאand notיִתְּנוּwill they giveמִבְּשַׂרfrom the flesh ofבְּנֵיהֶםtheir childrenהַשְּׁחוּטִיםwho were slaughteredלִבְנֵיהֶםto their childrenהַנּוֹתָרִים:who remain

פָּסוּק מט

Pasuk 49

מִתֵּתfrom givingלְאַחַדto oneמֵהֶםof themמִבְּשַׂרfrom the flesh ofבָּנָיוhis childrenאֲשֶׁרwhomיֹאכֵלhe will eatמִבְּלִיbecause of notהִשְׁאִירleavingלוֹto himכֹּלanythingבְּמָצוֹרin the siegeוּבְמָצוֹקand in the distressאֲשֶׁרwith whichיָצִיקwill distressלְךָyouאֹיִבְךָyour enemyבְּכָלin allשְׁעָרֶיךָ׃your gates

פָּסוּק נ

Pasuk 50

הָרַכָּהThe tender womanבְךָamong youוְהָעֲנֻגָּהand the dainty womanאֲשֶׁרwhoלֹאnotנִסְּתָהhas venturedכַףthe sole ofרַגְלָהּher footהַצֵּגto setעַלuponהָאָרֶץthe groundמֵהִתְעַנֵּגfrom daintinessוּמֵרֹךְand from tendernessתֵּרַעshall be evilעֵינָהּher eyeבְּאִישׁagainst the husband ofחֵיקָהּher bosomוּבִבְנָהּand against her sonוּבְבִתָּהּ׃and against her daughter

רַשִׁ״י

תרעshall be evilעינהher eyeבאישtowards the husband ofחיקהher bosomובבנהand towards her sonובבתה.and towards her daughterהַגְּדוֹלִים:the adult ones

פָּסוּק נא

Pasuk 51

וּבְשִׁלְיָתָהּand with her afterbirthהַיּוֹצֵתthat emergesמִבֵּיןfrom betweenרַגְלֶיהָher legsוּבְבָנֶיהָand with her childrenאֲשֶׁרwhomתֵּלֵדshe will bearכִּיforתֹאכְלֵםshe will eat themבְּחֹסֶרin lack ofכֹּלeverythingבַּסָּתֶרin secretבְּמָצוֹרin siegeוּבְמָצוֹקand in distressאֲשֶׁרwhichיָצִיקwill distressלְךָyouאֹיִבְךָyour enemyבִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ׃in your gates

רַשִׁ״י

ובשליתה.And towards her afterbirthבָּנֶיהָher childrenהַקְּטַנִּיםthe small ones—בְּכֻלָּןtowards all of themתְּהֵאwill beעֵינָהּher eyeצָרָהevilכְּשֶׁתֹּאכַלwhen she eatsאֶת—הָאֶחָדthe oneמִלִּתֵּןfrom givingלַאֲשֶׁרto those whoאֶצְלָהּare with herמִןfromהַבָּשָׂר:the flesh

פָּסוּק נב

Pasuk 52

אִםIfלֹאnotתִשְׁמֹרyou will observeלַעֲשׂוֹתto doאֶת—כָּלallדִּבְרֵיthe words ofהַתּוֹרָהthe Torahהַזֹּאתthisהַכְּתוּבִיםthat are writtenבַּסֵּפֶרin the bookהַזֶּהthisלְיִרְאָהto fearאֶת—הַשֵּׁםthe Nameהַנִּכְבָּדthe honoredוְהַנּוֹרָאand the awesomeהַזֶּהthisאֵת—יְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָ׃your God

פָּסוּק נג

Pasuk 53

וְהִפְלָאAnd Hashem will make extraordinaryיְהוָהHashemאֶת—מַכֹּתְךָyour plaguesוְאֵתand —מַכּוֹתthe plagues ofזַרְעֶךָyour offspringמַכּוֹתplaguesגְּדֹלוֹתgreatוְנֶאֱמָנוֹתand lastingוָחֳלָיִםand sicknessesרָעִיםevilוְנֶאֱמָנִים׃and chronic

רַשִׁ״י

והפלאAnd will make exceptionalה'Hashemאת—מכתך.your plaguesמֻפְלָאוֹתexceptionalוּמֻבְדָּלוֹתand distinguishedמִשְּׁאָרfrom the rest ofמַכּוֹת:plagues

רַשִׁ״י

ונאמנות.and trustworthyלְיַסֶּרְךָ,to chastise youלְקַיֵּםto fulfillשְׁלִיחוּתָן:their mission

פָּסוּק נד

Pasuk 54

וְהֵשִׁיבand He will bring backבְּךָupon youאֵת—כָּלallמַדְוֵהthe sicknesses ofמִצְרַיִםMitzrayimאֲשֶׁרwhichיָגֹרְתָּyou dreadedמִפְּנֵיהֶםbecause of themוְדָבְקוּand they shall clingבָּךְ׃to you

רַשִׁ״י

אשרWhichיגרתyou fearedמפניהם.before themמִפְּנֵיbecause ofהַמַּכּוֹת.the plaguesכְּשֶׁהָיוּwhen wereיִשְׂרָאֵלYisraelרוֹאִיןseeingמַכּוֹתplaguesמְשֻׁנּוֹתunusualהַבָּאוֹתthat cameעַלuponמִצְרַיִם,Mitzrayimהָיוּthey wereיְרֵאִיםafraidמֵהֶםof themשֶׁלֹּאthat notיָבֹאוּthey would comeגַּםalsoעֲלֵיהֶם.upon themתֵּדַעYou may knowשֶׁכֵּןfor soכָּתוּבit is written"אִם"Ifשָׁמוֹעַhearkenתִּשְׁמַעyou will hearkenוְגוֹ'etc.כָּלallהַמַּחֲלָהthe diseaseאֲשֶׁרwhichשַׂמְתִּיI placedבְמִצְרַיִםin Mitzrayimלֹאnotאָשִׂיםwill I placeעָלֶיךָ"upon you"שמותShemosט"ו15—אֵיןThey do notמְיָרְאִיןfrightenאֶת—הָאָדָםa personאֶלָּאexceptבְּדָבָרwith a thingשֶׁהוּאthat heיָגוֹרfearsמִמֶּנּוּ:of it

פָּסוּק נה

Pasuk 55

גַּםAlsoכָּלeveryחֳלִיillnessוְכָלand everyמַכָּהplagueאֲשֶׁרwhichלֹאis notכָתוּבwrittenבְּסֵפֶרin the book ofהַתּוֹרָהthe Torahהַזֹּאתthisיַעְלֵםwill bring themיְהוָהHashemעָלֶיךָupon youעַדuntilהִשָּׁמְדָךְ׃your destruction

רַשִׁ״י

יעלם.is an expression ofלְשׁוֹןthe language ofעֲלִיָּה:ascent

פָּסוּק נו

Pasuk 56

וְנִשְׁאַרְתֶּםand you shall remainבִּמְתֵיwith people ofמְעָטfewnessתַּחַתinstead ofאֲשֶׁרthatהֱיִיתֶםyou wereכְּכוֹכְבֵיlike the stars ofהַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensלָרֹבfor multitudeכִּיbecauseלֹאnotשָׁמַעְתָּyou listenedבְּקוֹלto the voice ofיְהוָהHashemאֱלֹהֶיךָ׃your God

רַשִׁ״י

ונשארתםAnd you shall remainבמתיwith people ofמעטfewתחתinstead ofוגו'.etc.מֻעָטִיןfewחֵלֶףinstead ofמְרֻבִּים:many

פָּסוּק נז

Pasuk 57

וְהָיָהand it shall beכַּאֲשֶׁרjust asשָׂשׂrejoicedיְהוָהHashemעֲלֵיכֶםover youלְהֵיטִיבto do goodאֶתְכֶםto youוּלְהַרְבּוֹתand to multiplyאֶתְכֶםyouכֵּןsoיָשִׂישׂwill rejoiceיְהוָהHashemעֲלֵיכֶםover youלְהַאֲבִידto destroyאֶתְכֶםyouוּלְהַשְׁמִידand to annihilateאֶתְכֶםyouוְנִסַּחְתֶּםand you shall be tornמֵעַלfrom uponהָאֲדָמָהthe landאֲשֶׁרthatאַתָּהyouבָאare comingשָׁמָּהthereלְרִשְׁתָּהּ׃to possess it

רַשִׁ״י

כןsoישישwill make rejoiceה'.Hashemאֶת—אוֹיְבֵיכֶםyour enemiesעליכםover youלהאבידto destroyוגו'etc.:

רַשִׁ״י

ונסחתם.and you shall be uprootedלְשׁוֹןis an expression ofעֲקִירָהuprootingוְכֵןand soמשליMishleiט"וfifteen"בֵּיתthe house ofגֵּאִיםthe haughtyיִסַּחwill uprootה'":Hashem

פָּסוּק נח

Pasuk 58

וֶהֱפִיצְךָAnd Hashem will scatter youיְהוָהHashemבְּכָלamong allהָעַמִּיםthe peoplesמִקְצֵהfrom the end ofהָאָרֶץthe earthוְעַדand untilקְצֵהthe end ofהָאָרֶץthe earthוְעָבַדְתָּand you will serveשָּׁםthereאֱלֹהִיםgodsאֲחֵרִיםothersאֲשֶׁרwhomלֹאnotיָדַעְתָּyou knewאַתָּהyouוַאֲבֹתֶיךָand your ancestorsעֵץwoodוָאָבֶן׃and stone

רַשִׁ״י

ועבדתםAnd you will serveשםthereאלהיםgodsאחרים.othersכְּתַרְגּוּמוֹaccording to its Targum—לֹאnotעֲבוֹדַתservice ofאֱלֹהוּתdeityמַמָּשׁliterallyאֶלָּאbut ratherמַעֲלִיםpayingמַסtributeוְגֻלְגֹּלִיּוֹתand poll-taxesלְכוּמְרֵיto the priests ofעֲ"זָ:idol worship

פָּסוּק נט

Pasuk 59

וּבַגּוֹיִםAnd among the nationsהָהֵםthoseלֹאnotתַרְגִּיעַyou will find restוְלֹאand notיִהְיֶהthere will beמָנוֹחַa resting placeלְכַףfor the sole ofרַגְלֶךָyour footוְנָתַןand will giveיְהוָהHashemלְךָto youשָׁםthereלֵבa heartרַגָּזanxiousוְכִלְיוֹןand a pining ofעֵינַיִםeyesוְדַאֲבוֹןand a despair ofנָפֶשׁ׃soul

רַשִׁ״י

לאnotתרגיע.you shall find restלֹאnotתָנוּחַ,you shall restכְּמוֹlike"וְזֹאתand this isהַמַּרְגֵּעָה"the restישעיהוYeshayahuכ"ח28:

רַשִׁ״י

לבA heartרגז.tremblingלֵבa heartחָרֵד,fearfulכְּתַרְגּוּמוֹlike its Targum"דָּחֵל",fearingכְּמוֹlikeישעיהוYeshayahuי"דfourteen"שְׁאוֹלthe graveמִתַּחַתfrom beneathרָגְזָהtrembledלָךְ"for youשמותShemosט"וfifteen"שָׁמְעוּheardעַמִּיםpeoplesיִרְגָּזוּן",they trembledשמואלShmuelבtwoכ"בtwenty-two"מוֹסְדוֹתthe foundations ofהַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensיִרְגָּזוּ":trembled

רַשִׁ״י

וכליוןAnd a failing ofעינים.eyesמְצַפֶּהone who looksלִישׁוּעָהfor salvationוְלֹאand it does notתָבֹא:come

פָּסוּק ס

Pasuk 60

וְהָיוּand will beחַיֶּיךָyour lifeתְּלֻאִיםhangingלְךָfor youמִנֶּגֶדfrom oppositeוּפָחַדְתָּand you will dreadלַיְלָהnightוְיוֹמָםand dayוְלֹאand notתַאֲמִיןyou will believeבְּחַיֶּיךָ׃in your life

רַשִׁ״י

חייךyour lifeתלאיםhangingלך.to youעַלonהַסָּפֵק,the doubtכָּלanyסָפֵקdoubtקָרוּיis calledתָּלוּי,hangingשֶׁמָּאperhapsאָמוּתI will dieהַיּוֹםtodayבַּחֶרֶבby the swordהַבָּאָהthat is comingעָלֵינוּ.upon usוְרַבּוֹתֵינוּand our Rabbisדָרְשׁוּinterpretedזֶהthisהַלּוֹקֵחַone who buysתְּבוּאָהproduceמִןfromהַשּׁוּק:the market

רַשִׁ״י

ולאAnd notתאמיןyou will have assuranceבחייך.of your lifeזֶהthis isהַסּוֹמֵךְone who reliesעַלonהַפַּלְטֵרthe bakerעי'seeמנחותMenachotק"ג103b:

פָּסוּק סא

Pasuk 61

בַּבֹּקֶרIn the morningתֹּאמַרyou will sayמִיwhoיִתֵּןwill giveעֶרֶבeveningוּבָעֶרֶבand in the eveningתֹּאמַרyou will sayמִיwhoיִתֵּןwill giveבֹּקֶרmorningמִפַּחַדfrom the dread ofלְבָבְךָyour heartאֲשֶׁרwhichתִּפְחָדyou will dreadוּמִמַּרְאֵהand from the sight ofעֵינֶיךָyour eyesאֲשֶׁרwhichתִּרְאֶה׃you will see

רַשִׁ״י

בבקרIn the morningתאמרyou will sayמיwhoיתןwill giveערב.eveningוְיִהְיֶהand it would beהָעֶרֶבthe eveningשֶׁלofאֶמֶשׁ:yesterday

רַשִׁ״י

ובערבAnd at eveningתאמרyou shall sayמיwhoיתןwill giveבקר.morningשֶׁלofשַׁחֲרִית,morningשֶׁהַצָּרוֹתbecause the troublesמִתְחַזְּקוֹתgrow strongerתָּמִידconstantlyוְכָלand everyשָׁעָהhourמְרֻבָּהis greaterקִלְלָתָהּits curseמִשֶּׁלְּפָנֶיהָthan of before itעי'seeסוטהSotahמ"ט49a:

פָּסוּק סב

Pasuk 62

וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָAnd He will return youיְהוָהHashemמִצְרַיִםto Mitzrayimבָּאֳנִיּוֹתin shipsבַּדֶּרֶךְby the wayאֲשֶׁרwhichאָמַרְתִּיI saidלְךָto youלֹאyou shall notתֹסִיףcontinueעוֹדagainלִרְאֹתָהּto see itוְהִתְמַכַּרְתֶּםand you will offer yourselves for saleשָׁםthereלְאֹיְבֶיךָto your enemiesלַעֲבָדִיםas slavesוְלִשְׁפָחוֹתand as maidservantsוְאֵיןbut there is noקֹנֶה׃buyer

רַשִׁ״י

באניות.In shipsבִּסְפִינוֹתin ships—בַּשִּׁבְיָה:in captivity

רַשִׁ״י

והתמכרתםAnd you will offer yourselves for saleשםthereלאיביך.to your enemiesאַתֶּםyouמְבַקְשִׁיםwill seekלִהְיוֹתto beנִמְכָּרִיםsoldלָהֶםto themלַעֲבָדִיםfor slavesוְלִשְׁפָחוֹת:and for handmaids

רַשִׁ״י

ואיןand there is noקנה.buyerכִּיbecauseיִגְזְרוּthey will decreeעָלֶיךָupon youהֶרֶגkillingוְכִלָּיוֹן:and destruction

רַשִׁ״י

והתמכרתם.and you will offer yourselves for saleבְּלַעַזin foreign tongueאיפורוונדרי"ץet pour vendrez vousוו"ש,yourselvesוְלֹאand notיִתָּכֵןis it correctלְפָרֵשׁto explain"וְהִתְמַכַּרְתֶּם"and you will offer yourselves for saleבִּלְשׁוֹןin the sense ofוְנִמְכַּרְתֶּםand you will be soldעַלbyיְדֵיthe hands ofמוֹכְרִיםsellersאֲחֵרִיםotherמִפְּנֵיbecauseשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרthat it is saidאַחֲרָיוafter it"וְאֵיןand there is noקוֹנֶה":buyer

פָּסוּק סג

Pasuk 63

אֵלֶּהThese areדִבְרֵיthe words ofהַבְּרִיתthe covenantאֲ‍שֶׁרwhichצִוָּהcommandedיְהוָהHashemאֶת—מֹשֶׁהMosheלִכְרֹתto sealאֶת—בְּנֵיthe children ofיִשְׂרָאֵלYisraelבְּאֶרֶץin the land ofמוֹאָבMoavמִלְּבַדbesidesהַבְּרִיתthe covenantאֲשֶׁרwhichכָּרַתHe sealedאִתָּםwith themבְּחֹרֵב׃at Chorev

רַשִׁ״י

לכרתto cutאת—בניthe children ofישראל.Yisraelשֶׁיְּקַבְּלוּthat they will acceptעֲלֵיהֶםupon themselvesאֶת—הַתּוֹרָהthe Torahבְּאָלָהwith an imprecationוּבִשְׁבוּעָה:and with an oath

רַשִׁ״י

מלבדBesidesהברית.the covenantקְלָלוֹתthe cursesשֶׁבְּתוֹרַתthat are in the Torah ofכֹּהֲנִיםthe Kohanimשֶׁנֶּאֶמְרוּwhich were saidבְסִינַי:at Sinai

Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah details the dual paths of blessing and curse for Klal Yisrael. It starts with the glorious brachos of victory, financial abundance, and spiritual prestige that come from keeping the mitzvos. It then shifts to the devastating curses of the Tochachah, describing how disobedience leads to agricultural failure, physical illness, madness, and constant oppression by foreign nations. The Torah warns that because we did not serve Hashem with joy and gladness when we had everything, we will be forced to serve our enemies in hunger, thirst, and nakedness under a heavy yoke of iron, culminating in a ruthless nation swooping down from afar to destroy our land and leave us with nothing.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Torah is telling us a frightening list of klalos in this parsha, but right in the middle of all the darkness, the Torah stops and reveals the root cause of it all: "Tachas asher lo avadta es Hashem Elokecha b'simcha u'v'tuv levav m'rov kol", because you did not serve Hashem with joy and gladness of heart when you had everything. Lichoira, this is a massive chiddush. The Gemara is bothered by what brings such churban, and we would have thought it is only the most chamur aveiros. But the Torah is mechadesh here that a lack of simcha in our avodas Hashem is not just a minor detail; it is the very opening that allows the yetzer hara and the middas hadin to take over.

When we do mitzvos out of cold habit, as a heavy burden that we just want to get over with, we are missing the entire point of why Hashem gave us the Torah. If a person has a beautiful, rich life, with a warm home and food on the table, yet his davening is cold and his learning is done with a sigh, he is showing that the Torah is not his greatest delight. Mimeila, that coldness cools down his whole connection to Hashem. The teretz to avoiding the spiritual decline described in the klalos is to bring life, warmth, and real b'simcha energy into our daily Yiddishkeit.

Today, when you stand up to daven Mincha or sit down to learn your daily shiur, do not just run through it to check it off your list. Take ten seconds before you begin to think about the zechus of being a Yid, smile, and do that mitzvah with real, conscious joy.